時候
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See also: 时候
Chinese
[edit]o'clock; time; when o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period |
wait | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (時候) | 時 | 候 | |
simp. (时候) | 时 | 候 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si2 hou4
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): síhou
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): сыху (sɨhu, I-II)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): si4 hau6
- (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): si4 hau6
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): si4 hau6
- Gan (Wiktionary): si4 heu5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): si1 hou3
- Northern Min (KCR): sî-hē
- Eastern Min (BUC): sì-hâiu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zy-gheu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shr2 hou
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ˙ㄏㄡ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shíhho̊u
- Wade–Giles: shih2-hou5
- Yale: shŕ-hou
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyr.hou
- Palladius: шихоу (šixou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ xoʊ̯³/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (時候兒/时候儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ˙ㄏㄡㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shíhho̊ur
- Wade–Giles: shih2-hou5-ʼrh
- Yale: shŕ-hour
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyr.houl
- Palladius: шихоур (šixour)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ xɤʊ̯ɻʷ³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄏㄡˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shíhhòu
- Wade–Giles: shih2-hou4
- Yale: shŕ-hòu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrhow
- Palladius: шихоу (šixou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: si2 hou4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: s xou
- Sinological IPA (key): /sz̩²¹ xəu²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: síhou
- Sinological IPA (key): /sz̩²⁴ xɤu/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: сыху (sɨhu, I-II)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sz̩²⁴ xou⁵¹/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: si4 hau6
- Yale: sìh hauh
- Cantonese Pinyin: si4 hau6
- Guangdong Romanization: xi4 heo6
- Sinological IPA (key): /siː²¹ hɐu̯²²/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
- Jyutping++: si4 hau6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʃi⁴² hɐu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: si4 heu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /sz̩³⁵ hɛu¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̀-heu
- Hakka Romanization System: siiˇ heu
- Hagfa Pinyim: si2 heu4
- Sinological IPA: /sɨ¹¹ heu̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: si1 hou3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /sz̩¹¹ xəu⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sî-hē
- Sinological IPA (key): /si³³ xe⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sì-hâiu
- Sinological IPA (key): /si⁵³⁻²¹ (h-)ɑu²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: dzyi huwH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ə [ɡ]ˤ(r)o-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*djɯ ɡoːs/
Noun
[edit]時候
- period of time
- 我在蒙自住過五個月,我的家也在那裡住過兩個月。我現在常常想起這個地方,特別是在人事繁忙的時候。蒙自小得好,人少得好。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 《蒙自雜記》
- Wǒ zài Méngzì zhù guò wǔ ge yuè, wǒ de jiā yě zài nàlǐ zhù guò liǎng ge yuè. Wǒ xiànzài chángcháng xiǎngqǐ zhè ge dìfang, tèbié shì zài rénshì fánmáng de shíhou. Méngzì xiǎo de hǎo, rén shǎo de hǎo. [Pinyin]
- I lived in Mengzi for five months, and my family two months. I often think of the place now, especially when my social life is busy. Mengzi is good because it's small and sparsely populated.
我在蒙自住过五个月,我的家也在那里住过两个月。我现在常常想起这个地方,特别是在人事繁忙的时候。蒙自小得好,人少得好。 [MSC, simp.]
- a point in time
- (Classical) season and climate
Usage notes
[edit]Often placed at the end of a clause, and preceded by 的 (de), to indicate when something happens. For example:
Note that 當/当 (dāng) is often omitted, and that 時/时 (shí) (not preceded by 的 (de)) can also be used the same way.
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 時候 (“time”) [map]
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “Entry #6027”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
時 | 候 |
じ Grade: 2 |
こう Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]Appears to be from Middle Chinese 時候 (MC dzyi huwH). The reading is a mix of older goon ji and relatively newer kan'on kō, suggesting a possible shift in reading after borrowing.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]References
[edit]- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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