炭
|
![]() | ||||||||
|
Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]炭 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 山大火 (UKF) or 山一火 (UMF), four-corner 22289, composition ⿱山⿸厂火(HJKTV) or ⿱山灰(G))
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 668, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18953
- Dae Jaweon: page 1077, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2195, character 15
- Unihan data for U+70AD
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 炭 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 炭 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *tŋ̊ʰaːns) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + abbreviated phonetic 岸 (OC *ŋɡaːns).
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tal (“charcoal; dust; ashes”). Cognate with Tibetan ཐལ་བ (thal ba, “ashes; dust; dirt”).
Derivative: 碳 (tàn, “carbon”).
- (ACG slang) -tan
- Borrowed from Japanese たん (tan). Also from the manga Binchō-tan, which features -tan suffix characters that are anthropomorphic representations of charcoal.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): taan3
- Gan (Wiktionary): tan3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): tan3
- Northern Min (KCR): tui̿ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): táng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5the
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tan4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tàn
- Wade–Giles: tʻan4
- Yale: tàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tann
- Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰän⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: тан (tan, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰæ̃⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: taan3
- Yale: taan
- Cantonese Pinyin: taan3
- Guangdong Romanization: tan3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰaːn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: tan3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰan²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: than
- Hakka Romanization System: tan
- Hagfa Pinyim: tan4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰan⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: tan3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰæ̃⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tui̿ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰuiŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: táng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɑŋ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- thàn - literary;
- thòaⁿ - vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: thanH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tʰ]ˤa[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tŋ̊ʰaːns/
Definitions
[edit]炭
- charcoal
- 炭火 ― tànhuǒ ― charcoal fire
- charcoal-like substance
- charcoal fire; hot charcoal
- (dialectal) coal
- 肥炭 [Jin] ― xi1 tan3 [Wiktionary] ― bituminous coal
- 笨炭 [Jin] ― beng3 tan3 [Wiktionary] ― anthracite
- Alternative form of 碳 (tàn, “carbon”)
- (ACG, Internet slang) -tan
Synonyms
[edit]- (charcoal):
- (charcoal fire): 炭火 (tànhuǒ)
- (coal):
Compounds
[edit]- 冰炭 (bīngtàn)
- 冰炭不洽
- 吞炭
- 吞炭漆身
- 塗炭/涂炭 (tútàn)
- 塗炭生民/涂炭生民
- 塗炭生靈/涂炭生灵 (tútànshēnglíng)
- 戴炭簍子/戴炭篓子
- 打醋炭
- 握炭流湯/握炭流汤
- 木炭 (mùtàn)
- 木炭畫/木炭画 (mùtànhuà)
- 民墜塗炭/民坠涂炭
- 民生塗炭/民生涂炭
- 泥炭 (nítàn)
- 浮炭
- 漆身吞炭
- 瀝青炭/沥青炭
- 火炭 (huǒtàn)
- 灰炭
- 炭化 (tànhuà)
- 炭墼
- 炭層/炭层
- 炭敬
- 炭火 (tànhuǒ)
- 炭烤
- 炭疽病 (tànjūbìng)
- 炭盆 (tànpén)
- 炭窩/炭窝
- 炭窯/炭窑 (tànyáo)
- 炭筆/炭笔 (tànbǐ)
- 炭筆畫/炭笔画
- 炭簍子/炭篓子
- 炭米
- 炭精
- 炭精棒
- 炭精筆/炭精笔
- 炭精紙/炭精纸
- 焦炭 (jiāotàn)
- 煤炭 (méitàn)
- 熟炭
- 熛炭
- 熾炭/炽炭
- 燒炭/烧炭 (shāotàn)
- 爆炭
- 獸炭/兽炭
- 生民塗炭/生民涂炭
- 生炭
- 生靈塗炭/生灵涂炭 (shēnglíngtútàn)
- 白炭
- 石炭 (shítàn)
- 石炭紀/石炭纪 (Shítàn Jì)
- 紅頭黑炭/红头黑炭
- 草炭 (cǎotàn)
- 荼炭
- 蜃炭
- 褐炭
- 踐冰履炭/践冰履炭
- 雪中送炭 (xuězhōngsòngtàn)
- 雪裡送炭/雪里送炭
- 骨炭 (gǔtàn)
- 麩炭/麸炭
- 黑炭
Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Khmer: ធ្យូង (thyuung)
- → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *thanᴴ (“charcoal”)
- White Hmong: thee
- → Lao: ຖ່ານ (thān)
- → Thai: ถ่าน (tàan)
- → Vietnamese: than
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 炭 | ![]() |
Kyūjitai [1] |
炭 炭 or 炭+ ︀ ?
|
![]() |
炭󠄁 炭+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
炭󠄃 炭+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit](Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 炭)
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 泥炭 (sukumo)
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
炭 |
すみ Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 炭 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 炭, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
炭 |
たん Grade: 3 |
From Middle Chinese 炭 (MC thanH).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- (rare) charcoal
- (rare) coal (fossil fuel)
Usage notes
[edit]This reading is only very rarely used as a standalone noun. Much more commonly encountered in compounds.
Derived terms
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- a surname
Further reading
[edit]- Entry in Gogen-Allguide (in Japanese)
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 炭 (MC thanH). Recorded as Middle Korean 탄〯 (thǎn) (Yale: than) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]炭: Hán Nôm readings: thán, than, tro
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Character boxes with images
- CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement block
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Dungan hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese suffixes
- Mandarin suffixes
- Dungan suffixes
- Cantonese suffixes
- Gan suffixes
- Hakka suffixes
- Jin suffixes
- Northern Min suffixes
- Eastern Min suffixes
- Hokkien suffixes
- Teochew suffixes
- Wu suffixes
- Xiang suffixes
- Middle Chinese suffixes
- Old Chinese suffixes
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 炭
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Chinese dialectal terms
- Jin terms with usage examples
- Chinese fandom slang
- Chinese internet slang
- Advanced Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese third grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading たん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading たん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading すみ
- Japanese terms spelled with 炭 read as すみ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 炭
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms spelled with 炭 read as たん
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms with rare senses
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese surnames
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean hanja
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters