茨
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]茨 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿戈一人 (TIMO) or 廿一一人 (TMMO), four-corner 44182, composition ⿱艹次)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1028, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30896
- Dae Jaweon: page 1487, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3208, character 6
- Unihan data for U+8328
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 茨 | |
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simp. # | 茨 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 茨 | |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *zli) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 次 (OC *sn̥ʰis).
Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cíh
- Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ2
- Yale: tsź
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyr
- Palladius: цы (cy)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ci4
- Yale: chìh
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsi4
- Guangdong Romanization: qi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ce5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshṳ̂
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Middle Chinese: dzij
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*zli/
Definitions
[edit]茨
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): ze5
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ze5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsṳ̂
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɯ⁵⁵/
- (Teochew)
Definitions
[edit]茨
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: じ (ji)
- Kan-on: し (shi)
- Kun: いばら (ibara, 茨, Jōyō †); うばら (ubara, 茨); うまら (umara, 茨); むばら (mubara, 茨)
- Nanori: あし (ashi); えばら (ebara); ばら (bara); まつ (matsu); まん (man)
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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茨 |
いばら Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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荊 棘 |
/ubara/ → /ibara/
Sound shift from Old Japanese ubara (see below).[1] Now the modern version of this term.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble
- 1999 May 27, “魔界のイバラ [Thorns of the Demon World]”, in Vol.3, Konami:
- 魔界に生息するイバラ。無理に通ろう��する者にからみつく。
- Makai ni seisoku suru ibara. Muri ni tōrō to suru mono ni karamitsuku.
- A thorny plant that grows in the demon world. It constricts any unwary passerby.
- 魔界に生息するイバラ。無理に通ろう��する者にからみつく。
- (regional, chiefly Kansai) a thorn on a plant
- general name for wild roses
- (figurative) suffering, hardship, distress
- (architecture, construction) the point where two curved lines come together, such as the tip of a cusped gable
- (historical, slang) during the Edo period, a downmarket prostitute
- Synonym: 端女郎 (hashijorou)
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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茨 |
うばら Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese.[1][2] Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[3]
Appears alongside the umara form (see below), suggesting possible prenasalization, perhaps realized as */umbara/.
Superseded by ibara above.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- 薔薇 (bara)
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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茨 |
うまら Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese.[1][2] Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[4]
Appears alongside the ubara form (see above), suggesting possible prenasalization, perhaps realized as */umbara/.
Superseded by ibara above.
Noun
[edit]- (archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 47:
- 翹棘 翹尅 音交 訓久波多川 棘 音里 訓宇末良
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (archaic) general name for wild roses
Etymology 4
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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茨 |
むばら Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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荊 |
Appears in the Heian period,[1] apparently as a shift from ubara. Used in The Tales of Ise dating to the early 900s CE.[2]
Considering the earlier free alternation between ubara and umara, suggesting a possible prenasalized pronunciation such as */umbara/, this mubara may have arisen from an alternative spelling to clarify nasalization. Old Japanese orthography had no unambiguous means of specifying the nasal coda consonant ん (n), using む (mu) instead. In fact, the modern kana ん (n) developed from a hentaigana form of む (mu).
Superseded by ibara above.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]References
[edit]- Unknown (794) Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]茨 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
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