負
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
See also: 负
|
Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Han character
[edit]負 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+2, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓月山金 (NBUC), four-corner 27806, composition ⿱⺈貝(GHTJV) or ⿱勹貝(K) or ⿱刀貝)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1204, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36660
- Dae Jaweon: page 1665, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3623, character 4
- Unihan data for U+8CA0
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 負 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 负 | |
alternative forms | 伏 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : ⺈ (“person”) + 貝 (“cowry”).
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ba (“carry, shoulder”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): fu5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): fu3
- Northern Min (KCR): hū
- Eastern Min (BUC): hô
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6vu; 6veu / 6vu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fu4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fù
- Wade–Giles: fu4
- Yale: fù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
- Palladius: фу (fu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: fu4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fu
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fu6
- Yale: fuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: fu6
- Guangdong Romanization: fu6
- Sinological IPA (key): /fuː²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: fu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: fu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu
- Hakka Romanization System: fu
- Hagfa Pinyim: fu4
- Sinological IPA: /fu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: fu3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /fu⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hū
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hô
- Sinological IPA (key): /hou²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hù
- Tâi-lô: hù
- Phofsit Daibuun: hux
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hu⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū
- Tâi-lô: hū
- Phofsit Daibuun: hu
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hu³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hu²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǔ
- Tâi-lô: hǔ
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hu²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hu6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hŭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /hu³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: fu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɸu⁴⁵/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 負 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /fu⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /fu²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /fu⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /fu²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /fu⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /fu³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /fu⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /fv̩⁵³/ | |
Yinchuan | /fu¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /fu¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /fu²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /fu³⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /fu¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /fu²¹³/ | |
Kunming | /fu²¹²/ | |
Nanjing | /fu⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /fu⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /fu⁴⁵/ |
Pingyao | /xu³⁵/ | |
Hohhot | /fu⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /vu²³/ /vɤ²³/ |
Suzhou | /vu³¹/ | |
Hangzhou | /vu¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /vu³⁵/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /fu²²/ |
Tunxi | /fu⁴²/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /fu⁵⁵/ |
Xiangtan | /ɸu⁵⁵/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /fu²¹/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /fu⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | /fu⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /fu²²/ |
Nanning | /fu²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /fu²²/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hu²²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /hou²⁴²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xu⁴⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /hu³⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /fu³³/ |
- Middle Chinese: bjuwX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]əʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*bɯʔ/
Definitions
[edit]負
- to carry (on the back); to bear (a burden or responsibility)
- to rely on; to load; to burden
- to betray; to abandon; to repudiate; to go against
- to lose; to be defeated
- (mathematics, electricity, etc.) negative
Compounds
[edit]- 一決勝負/一决胜负 (yījuéshèngfù)
- 不分勝負/不分胜负 (bùfēn shèngfù)
- 不勝負荷/不胜负荷 (bùshèngfùhè)
- 不堪負荷/不堪负荷
- 不負/不负
- 不負所托/不负所托
- 不負眾望/不负众望 (bùfù-zhòngwàng)
- 使蚊負山/使蚊负山
- 倚負/倚负
- 分層負責/分层负责
- 勝負/胜负 (shèngfù)
- 千鈞重負/千钧重负
- 反裘負芻/反裘负刍
- 反裘負薪/反裘负薪
- 含冤負屈/含冤负屈
- 墮負/堕负
- 夙負盛名/夙负盛名
- 大展抱負/大展抱负
- 好欺負/好欺负
- 如牛負重/如牛负重 (rúniúfùzhòng)
- 如虎負嵎/如虎负嵎
- 如釋重負/如释重负 (rúshìzhòngfù)
- 子路負米/子路负米
- 孤負/孤负 (gūfù)
- 巔峰負載/巅峰负载
- 徒負虛名/徒负虚名
- 忘恩負義/忘恩负义 (wàng'ēnfùyì)
- 忍辱負重/忍辱负重 (rěnrǔfùzhòng)
- 披裘負薪/披裘负薪
- 抱負/抱负 (bàofù)
- 抱負水準/抱负水准
- 搭負/搭负
- 擔負/担负 (dānfù)
- 擔負公徒/担负公徒
- 文責自負/文责自负
- 棄璧負嬰/弃璧负婴
- 欺負/欺负
- 民負/民负
- 決勝負/决胜负
- 流動負債/流动负债
- 減負/减负 (jiǎnfù)
- 生死不負/生死不负
- 皇天不負苦心人/皇天不负苦心人 (huángtiān bù fù kǔxīn rén)
- 矜功負勝/矜功负胜
- 矜功負氣/矜功负气
- 矜智負能/矜智负能
- 矜能負才/矜能负才
- 肉袒負荊/肉袒负荆
- 肩挑背負/肩挑背负
- 肩負/肩负 (jiānfù)
- 背負/背负 (bēifù)
- 自負/自负 (zìfù)
- 自負不凡/自负不凡
- 若釋重負/若释重负
- 虎負嵎/虎负嵎
- 虧負/亏负 (kuīfù)
- 蚊力負山/蚊力负山
- 蚊負/蚊负
- 襁負/襁负
- 詭負葛藤/诡负葛藤
- 謇諤自負/謇谔自负
- 負乘致寇/负乘致寇
- 負俗/负俗
- 負債/负债 (fùzhài)
- 負傷/负伤 (fùshāng)
- 負債累累/负债累累 (fùzhài lěilěi)
- 負像/负像
- 負利率/负利率
- 負命/负命
- 負固/负固 (fùgù)
- 負固不悛/负固不悛
- 負固不服/负固不服
- 負國/负国
- 負圖之托/负图之托
- 負土成墳/负土成坟
- 負壺灌區/负壶灌区
- 負子鼠/负子鼠
- 負屈/负屈
- 負屈含冤/负屈含冤
- 負屈銜冤/负屈衔冤
- 負山戴岳/负山戴岳
- 負嵎/负嵎
- 負嵎頑抗/负嵎顽抗 (fùyúwánkàng)
- 負弩/负弩
- 負弩先驅/负弩先驱
- 負影/负影
- 負後像/负后像
- 負德/负德
- 負心/负心 (fùxīn)
- 負心人/负心人 (fùxīnrén)
- 負心違願/负心违愿
- 負情/负情
- 負戈/负戈
- 負成長/负成长
- 負戴/负戴
- 負所得稅/负所得税
- 負扆/负扆
- 負手/负手
- 負才/负才
- 負才任氣/负才任气
- 負才使氣/负才使气
- 負手板/负手板
- 負擔/负担 (fùdān)
- 負數/负数 (fùshù)
- 負日之暄/负日之暄
- 負暄/负暄
- 負極/负极 (fùjí)
- 負氣/负气 (fùqì)
- 負氣仗義/负气仗义
- 負氣鬥狠/负气斗狠
- 負水/负水
- 負片/负片
- 負疚/负��� (fùjiù)
- 負石赴河/负石赴河
- 負笈/负笈 (fùjí)
- 負笈千里
- 負笈從師/负笈从师
- 負笈擔簦/负笈担簦
- 負約/负约 (fùyuē)
- 負累/负累 (fùlěi)
- 負罪/负罪 (fùzuì)
- 負義/负义 (fùyì)
- 負義忘恩/负义忘恩
- 負羽/负羽
- 負老提幼/负老提幼
- 負老攜幼/负老携幼
- 負荊/负荆 (fùjīng)
- 負荊請罪/负荆请罪 (fùjīngqǐngzuì)
- 負荷/负荷 (fùhè)
- 負荷量/负荷量
- 負薪/负薪
- 負薪之憂/负薪之忧
- 負薪之病/负薪之病
- 負薪之疾/负薪之疾
- 負薪之議/负薪之议
- 負薪之資/负薪之资
- 負薪救火/负薪救火
- 負薪裘/负薪裘
- 負號/负号 (fùhào)
- 負虧/负亏
- 負謗/负谤
- 負負得正/负负得正 (fùfùdézhèng)
- 負責/负责 (fùzé)
- 負責人/负责人 (fùzérén)
- 負載/负载 (fùzài)
- 負載開關/负载开关
- 負進/负进
- 負郭/负郭
- 負重/负重 (fùzhòng)
- 負重涉遠/负重涉远
- 負重致遠/负重致远
- 負阻/负阻
- 負隅/负隅
- 負隅頑抗/负隅顽抗 (fùyúwánkàng)
- 負離子/负离子 (fùlízǐ)
- 負電/负电 (fùdiàn)
- 負面/负面 (fùmiàn)
- 負騙/负骗
- 負鼎/负鼎
- 負鼎之願/负鼎之愿
- 買臣負薪/买臣负薪
- 辜恩負義/辜恩负义
- 辜負/辜负 (gūfù)
- 連帶負擔/连带负担
- 逋負/逋负
- 違恩負義/违恩负义
- 重負/重负 (zhòngfù)
- 銜冤負屈/衔冤负屈
- 鼇背負山/鳌背负山
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 負 | |
Kyūjitai [1][2] |
負󠄂 負+ 󠄂 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
![]() |
負󠄄 負+ 󠄄 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]負
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ぶ (bu)
- Kan-on: ふう (fū)
- Kan’yō-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
- Kun: おう (ou, 負う, Jōyō)←おふ (ofu, 負ふ, historical); まかす (makasu, 負かす, Jōyō); まける (makeru, 負ける, Jōyō); おい (oi, 負)←おひ (ofi, 負, historical); おぶう (obuu, 負う)←おぶふ (obufu, 負ふ, historical); おんぶ (onbu, 負んぶ); そむく (somuku, 負く); たのむ (tanomu, 負む); まかる (makaru, 負る); まけ (make, 負け); めげる (megeru, 負げる)
- Nanori: え (e); おい (oi); ひ (hi); ます (masu)
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
負 |
ふ Grade: 3 |
kan'yōon |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- (mathematics) negativity, being negative (less than zero)
- 負の数
- fu no sū
- a negative number
- 負の数
- (physics) negativity, being negative (of electrical charge of an electron)
- 負の電荷
- fu no denka
- a negative charge
- 負の電荷
- negativity, being negative (bad, pessimistic)
- 負のオーラが漂っている人
- fu no ōra ga tadayotte iru hito
- a person who has a negative aura about them
- 負のオーラが漂っている人
Synonyms
[edit]- マイナス (mainasu)
Antonyms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
負 |
おい Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 負 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 負, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
[edit]- ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, , page 2017 (paper), page 1060 (digital)
- ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, , page 1153 (paper), page 589 (digital)
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 負 (MC bjuwX).
Hanja
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- to betray
References
[edit]Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Sichuanese verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Taishanese verbs
- Gan verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Jin verbs
- Northern Min verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Xiang verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Sichuanese adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Taishanese adjectives
- Gan adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Jin adjectives
- Northern Min adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Xiang adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 負
- zh:Mathematics
- zh:Electricity
- Intermediate Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese third grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ぶ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ふう
- Japanese kanji with kan'yōon reading ふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading お・う
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading お・ふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ま・かす
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ま・ける
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おい
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading おひ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おぶ・う
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading おぶ・ふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading お・んぶ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading そむ・く
- Japanese kanji with kun reading たの・む
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まか・る
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ま・け
- Japanese kanji with kun reading め・げる
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading え
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading おい
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ます
- Japanese terms spelled with 負 read as ふ
- Japanese terms read with kan'yōon
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 負
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- ja:Mathematics
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- ja:Physics
- Japanese terms spelled with 負 read as おい
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters