責
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See also: 责
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]責 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手一月山金 (QMBUC), four-corner 50806, composition ⿱龶貝)
Derived characters
[edit]- 債, 嘖, 嫧, 幘, 㣱, 㥽, 樍, 歵, 㱴, 漬, 㺓, 皟, 瞔, 磧, 積, 績, 耫, 襀, 謮, 蹟, 賾, 䥊, 鰿, 䶦, 䟄, 勣, 䚍, 蔶, 簀
- 𧶷, 𤖓, 𤗮, 𤳎, 𥎍, 𥼃, 𦎸, 𦟜, 𦣱, 𧷤, 𧐐, 𨢦, 𨲪, 𫗙, 𩌪, 𫘁, 𪒑, 𨖊, 𣤈, 𩔳, 𥡯, 𪄸, 𤹠, 𩄾
- 𭍬, 𭽴, 𮂒, 𮥜, 𮧐
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1205, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36682
- Dae Jaweon: page 1668, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3626, character 2
- Unihan data for U+8CAC
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 責 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 责 | |
alternative forms | 𧵩 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
---|---|
債 | *ʔsreːɡs, *ʔsreːɡ |
積 | *ʔseɡs, *ʔseɡ |
刺 | *sʰeɡs, *sʰeɡ |
莿 | *sʰeːɡs, *raːds |
㓨 | *sʰeɡs |
朿 | *sʰeɡs |
漬 | *zeɡs |
耫 | *zraːd, *zreːɡ |
嘖 | *ʔsraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ, *zreːɡ |
梀 | *sreːɡ, *sʰloːɡ, *sloːɡ, *l̥ʰoɡ |
捒 | *sreːɡ, *sroɡs, *sroɡs |
幘 | *ʔsreːɡ |
簀 | *ʔsreːɡ |
嫧 | *ʔsreːɡ, *sʰreːɡ, *sʰeɡ |
謮 | *ʔsreːɡ |
責 | *ʔsreːɡ |
皟 | *sʰreːɡ |
憡 | *sʰreːɡ |
策 | *sʰreːɡ |
筴 | *sʰreːɡ, *kreːb, *keːb |
拺 | *sʰreːɡ, *sreːɡ |
賾 | *zreːɡ |
鰿 | *zreːɡ, *ʔseɡ |
擌 | *sreːɡ |
蹟 | *ʔseɡ |
襀 | *ʔseɡ |
磧 | *sʰeɡ |
洓 | *sʰeɡ |
績 | *ʔseːɡ |
勣 | *ʔseːɡ |
樍 | *ʔseːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ʔsreːɡ) : phonetic 朿 (OC *sʰeɡs) + semantic 貝 (“cowry; money”) – tax; debt.
Top component now resembles 生 (without the diagonal stroke) – compare 青, 素.
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ze2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): zet6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): zah4
- Northern Min (KCR): că̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): cáik
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7tseq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ze6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zé
- Wade–Giles: tsê2
- Yale: dzé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzer
- Palladius: цзэ (czɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɤ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ze2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ze
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɛ²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zaak3
- Yale: jaak
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzaak8
- Guangdong Romanization: zag3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saːk̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: zak2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sak̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: zet6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɛt̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chit
- Hakka Romanization System: jidˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: jid5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sit̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zah4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡saʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: că̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɛ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cáik
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chek
- Tâi-lô: tsik
- Phofsit Daibuun: zeg
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiak
- Tâi-lô: tsiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit
- Tâi-lô: tsit
- Phofsit Daibuun: cid
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sit̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
Note:
- chit - vernacular (“duty; to look into; to ask for”);
- chiak - liteary (“to look into; to ask for”);
- chek - literary (“duty; to look into; to ask for”).
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 責 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sɤ³⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡sai²⁴/ /t͡sɤ²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡sɤ⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /t͡sə²¹³/ /ʈ͡ʂei²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡sə⁴²/ /t͡se⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂɛ⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡sei²¹/ | |
Xining | /t͡sɨ⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡sə¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂə¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡sɤ⁵¹/ /t͡sei⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sɤ²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡se³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡sɛ²¹/ | |
Kunming | /t͡sə³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡səʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡sɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡saʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡sʌʔ⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡saʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡səʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡səʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡sɑʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sa²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡sɛʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sa⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sə²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡sæ²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɛʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sit̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /t͡sit̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sak̚³/ |
Nanning | /t͡sak̚³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sak̚³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sik̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡saiʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sɛ²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡seʔ²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡sɛ⁵⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: tsreak
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tˤrek/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsreːɡ/
Definitions
[edit]責
- to demand; to ask for (something)
- to demand to; to order to
- to blame; to reproach
- to interrogate; to question closely
- to punish by beating
- duty; responsibility
- (Hakka) to thrust; to poke with finger
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to look into; to investigate
Compounds
[edit]- 但求塞責/但求塞责
- 免責權/免责权
- 全責/全责 (quánzé)
- 分層負責/分层负责
- 切責/切责
- 刑事責任/刑事责任 (xíngshì zérèn)
- 刑責/刑责
- 刻責/刻责
- 匹夫有責/匹夫有责
- 卸責/卸责 (xièzé)
- 反躬自責/反躬自责
- 取責/取责
- 叱責/叱责 (chìzé)
- 呵責/呵责 (hēzé)
- 嗔責/嗔责
- 國際責任/国际责任
- 塞責/塞责 (sèzé)
- 專責/专责 (zhuānzé)
- 引咎自責/引咎自责
- 引咎責躬/引咎责躬
- 循名責實/循名责实 (xúnmíngzéshí)
- 徵名責實/征名责实
- 怪責/怪责
- 悔過自責/悔过自责
- 按名責實/按名责实
- 指責/指责 (zhǐzé)
- 控名責實/控名责实
- 推諉塞責/推诿塞责
- 政治責任/政治责任
- 敷衍塞責/敷衍塞责 (fūyǎnsèzé)
- 文責自負/文责自负
- 斥責/斥责 (chìzé)
- 權責/权责 (quánzé)
- 正名責實/正名责实
- 死有餘責/死有余责
- 民事責任/民事责任 (mínshì zérèn)
- 求全責備/求全责备
- 求名責實/求名责实
- 法不責眾/法不责众 (fǎbùzézhòng)
- 潦草塞責/潦草塞责
- 無以塞責/无以塞责
- 盡責/尽责 (jìnzé)
- 督責/督责 (dūzé)
- 簿責/簿责
- 罪責/罪责 (zuìzé)
- 考名責實/考名责实
- 聊以塞責/聊以塞责
- 職責/职责 (zhízé)
- 自責/自责 (zìzé)
- 自責分/自责分
- 苛責/苛责 (kēzé)
- 見責/见责 (jiànzé)
- 言責/言责
- 訓責/训责
- 詰責/诘责 (jiézé)
- 譙責/谯责
- 譴責/谴责 (qiǎnzé)
- 譴責小說/谴责小说
- 負責/负责 (fùzé)
- 負責人/负责人 (fùzérén)
- 責付/责付
- 責任/责任 (zérèn)
- 責任事故/责任事故
- 責任保險/责任保险 (zérèn bǎoxiǎn)
- 責任內閣/责任内阁
- 責任制/责任制 (zérènzhì)
- 責任感/责任感 (zérèngǎn)
- 責備/责备 (zébèi)
- 責問/责问 (zéwèn)
- 責善/责善
- 責實循名/责实循名
- 責怪/责怪 (zéguài)
- 責成/责成 (zéchéng)
- 責打/责打
- 責數/责数
- 責有攸歸/责有攸归
- 責無旁貸/责无旁贷 (zéwúpángdài)
- 責罰/责罚 (zéfá)
- 責罵/责骂 (zémà)
- 責詰/责诘
- 責讓/责让
- 責躬省過/责躬省过
- 責難/责难 (zénàn)
- 貶責/贬责 (biǎnzé)
- 質責/质责
- 連帶責任/连带责任
- 道義責任/道义责任
- 重責/重责
- 重責大任/重责大任
- 領責/领责
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhài
- Wade–Giles: chai4
- Yale: jài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jay
- Palladius: чжай (čžaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zaai3
- Yale: jaai
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzaai3
- Guangdong Romanization: zai3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saːi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]責
Compounds
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]責
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: しゃく (shaku)
- Kan-on: さく (saku)
- Kan’yō-on: せき (seki, Jōyō)
- On: さい (sai)
- Kun: せめる (semeru, 責める, Jōyō)
Korean
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Hanja
[edit]責 (eumhun 꾸짖을 책 (kkujijeul chaek))
Compounds
[edit]- 책임 (責任, chaegim, “responsibility”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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