galena
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English
[edit]![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Galena%2C_W%C5%82ochy.jpg/220px-Galena%2C_W%C5%82ochy.jpg)
Etymology
[edit]From Latin galēna (“dross from smelting lead”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]galena (usually uncountable, plural galenas or galenae)
- (mineralogy) A mineral, lead sulphide (PbS), mined as an ore for lead. [From circa 1600.]
- 1939 November, Raymond B. Wailes, “Chemical Engineering for Home Experimenters”, in Popular Science, page 207:
- You can easily extract lead from galena, a natural mineral which has been used in crystal radio receivers.
- 1942, G. F. Loughlin, A. H. Koschmann, Geology and Ore Deposits of the Magdalena Mining District, New Mexico, Geological Survey Professional Paper, Issue 200, page 98,
- The galena of the ore contains microscopic inclusions of various forms that become visible upon polished surfaces etched with hydrochloric or nitric acid.
- 1953, “Report of the Committee on the Measurement of Geologic Time”, in U.S, National Research Council, page 132:
- These samples had higher Pb206 and Pb208 abundances than any other galenas yet examined.
- 2008, Sanghamitra Ghosh, Heavy Stable Isotope Investigations in Environmental Science and Archaeology, page 77:
- Very little galena has been reported (recovered mostly from burial mounds) in the Great Lakes region indicating that the mineral was not a major interregional exchange commodity during this period. However, numerous galenas have been recovered from the lower Mississippi Valley region and Florida indicating that galena was part of an important north-south exchange system (Walthall 1981).
- (medicine, obsolete) A remedy or antidote for poison; theriac[1]
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]mineral
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References
[edit]- ^ 1809, Bartholomew Parr, "PROGNOSIS" in The London Medical Dictionary
Further reading
[edit]- David Barthelmy (1997–2024) “Galena”, in Webmineral Mineralogy Database.
- “galena”, in Mindat.org[1], Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, 2000–2024.
Anagrams
[edit]Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]galena f (plural galenes)
Further reading
[edit]- “galena” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “galena”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “galena” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “galena” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Italian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]galena f (plural galene)
Further reading
[edit]- galena in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵl̥h₂-es- (“glimmering, cheerful”). See cognate Ancient Greek γαλήνη (galḗnē, “serenity, calmness; type of metal mineral”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ɡaˈleː.na/, [ɡäˈɫ̪eːnä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ɡaˈle.na/, [ɡäˈlɛːnä]
Noun
[edit]galēna f (genitive galēnae); first declension
- lead-ore
- 77–79, Pliny the Elder, Natural History, book 33, chapter 31:
- Excoqui non potest, nisi cum plumbo nigro aut cum vena plumbi – galenam vocant – quae iuxta argenti venas plerumque reperitur.
- It cannot be smelted, except together with lead or with the vein of lead – they call it galena – that is mostly found next to veins of silver.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum to this entry?)
- 77–79, Pliny the Elder, Natural History, book 33, chapter 31:
- (by extension) the dross that remains after smelting this ore
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Pliny the Elder to this entry?)
- 77–79, Pliny the Elder, Natural History, book 34, chapter 47:
- Huius qui primus fuit in fornacibus liquor stagnum appellatur; qui secundus argentum; quod remansit in fornacibus, galena, quae fit tertia portio additae venae; haec rursus conflata dat nigrum plumbum deductis partibus nonis II.
- That which first becomes liquid in the furnaces is called stagnum; that which is second is silver; what remains in the furnaces is galena, which forms a third portion of the added vein; when again made to fuse this gives black lead, two-ninths having been deducted.
- 77–79, Pliny the Elder, Natural History, book 34, chapter 53:
- Est et molybdaena, quam alio loco galenam appellavimus, vena argenti plumbique communis.
- There is also molybdaena, which elsewhere we have called galena, a mineral of silver and lead together.
Declension
[edit]First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | galēna | galēnae |
Genitive | galēnae | galēnārum |
Dative | galēnae | galēnīs |
Accusative | galēnam | galēnās |
Ablative | galēnā | galēnīs |
Vocative | galēna | galēnae |
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “γαλήνη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 257
- “gălēna”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- gălēna in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 701/2.
- “galēna” on page 753/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
Anagrams
[edit]Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin galēna.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]galena f
- (mineralogy) galena
- Synonym: galenit
Declension
[edit]Declension of galena
Related terms
[edit]adjective
noun
References
[edit]- ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “galena”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
Further reading
[edit]- galena in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin galēna.
Pronunciation
[edit]
- Hyphenation: ga‧le‧na
Noun
[edit]galena f (plural galenas)
- (mineralogy) galena (mineral mined as an ore of lead)
Spanish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]galena f (plural galenas)
Noun
[edit]galena f (plural galenas)
- female equivalent of galeno
Further reading
[edit]- “galena”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Categories:
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/iːnə
- Rhymes:English/iːnə/3 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Minerals
- English terms with quotations
- en:Medicine
- English terms with obsolete senses
- en:Lead
- Catalan terms borrowed from Latin
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- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns
- ca:Minerals
- Italian 3-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ɛna
- Rhymes:Italian/ɛna/3 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- it:Minerals
- Latin 3-syllable words
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- Latin nouns
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- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin feminine nouns
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- Requests for quotations/Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
- Requests for quotations/Pliny the Elder
- Polish terms borrowed from Latin
- Polish learned borrowings from Latin
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- Rhymes:Polish/ɛna
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛna/3 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- pl:Minerals
- Polish singularia tantum
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin
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- pt:Minerals
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 3-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Spanish/ena
- Rhymes:Spanish/ena/3 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- es:Minerals
- Spanish female equivalent nouns