hadron
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English
[edit]![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Bosons-Hadrons-Fermions-RGB-png2.png/220px-Bosons-Hadrons-Fermions-RGB-png2.png)
Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek ἁδρός (hadrós, “thick”) + -on. Coined by Russian physicist Lev Okun in 1962 in a plenary talk at the International Conference on High Energy Physics.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈhæd.ɹɒn/
Audio (US): (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /ˈhæd.ɹɑn/
Noun
[edit]hadron (plural hadrons)
- (physics) A composite particle that comprises two or more quarks held together by the strong force and (consequently) can interact with other particles via said force; a meson or a baryon.
- 1996, J. R. Batley, “Measurements of B Hadron Lifetimes at LEP”, in Michael C. Birse, G. D. Lafferty, J. A. McGovern, editors, Hadron '95: The 6th International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy, World Scientific, page 48:
- The weak decays of b hadrons are dominated by the spectator model process whereby the b quark decays to a c quark (or occasionally a u quark) with the emission of an external W, while the non-b antiquark or diquark acts simply as a passive spectator to the decay.
- 2005, D. B. Leinweber, A. W. Thomas, R. D. Young, “Hadron Structure and QCD: Effective Field Theory for Lattice Simulations”, in Alex C. Kalloniatis, Derek B. Leinweber, Anthony G. Williams, editors, Lattice Hadron Physics, Springer,, page 114:
- One can use the lattice simulations, which do represent the rigorous consequences of non-perturbative QCD, as guidance for models of hadron structure.
- 2017, Syed Afsar Abbas, Group Theory in Particle, Nuclear, and Hadron Physics[1], Taylor & Francis (CRC Press / Chapman & Hall), page 204:
- And hence colour, which was initially an ad hoc concept, later turned out to be an empirically confirmed reality of hadrons.
Usage notes
[edit]- Aside from individual quarks (which are never observed by themselves) hadrons are the only particles that interact via the strong force. Thus, a possible (though potentially slightly misleading) definition is "composite particle that can interact via the strong force" - or indeed simply "composite particle", as all hadrons are composite and all known non-hadrons are not known to be composite. Either definition however will be non-marginally wrong if the existence of the hypothetical "glueballs", non-hadronic composite particles consisting of gluons, is confirmed.
- The two categorisations hadron versus non-hadron and fermion versus boson together turn out to comprise a useful high-level categorisation of subatomic particles. (See the diagram above.)
- (Missing from the diagram are quarks, the building blocks of hadrons. They are elementary, and therefore not themselves hadrons; they are, however, fermions. Thus, they would be classified, alongside leptons, as non-hadronic fermions.)
Hyponyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]composite particle composed of quarks
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Further reading
[edit]Quark on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Quark model on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Standard Model on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Subatomic particle on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
List of particles on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Large Hadron Collider on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Anagrams
[edit]Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: ha‧dron
Noun
[edit]hadron n (plural hadronen)
French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]hadron m (plural hadrons)
Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]hadron m inan
Declension
[edit]Declension of hadron
Further reading
[edit]- hadron in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English hadron or French hadron.
Noun
[edit]hadron m (plural hadroni)
Declension
[edit]Declension of hadron
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) hadron | hadronul | (niște) hadroni | hadronii |
genitive/dative | (unui) hadron | hadronului | (unor) hadroni | hadronilor |
vocative | hadronule | hadronilor |
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]hàdrōn m (Cyrillic spelling ха̀дро̄н)
Declension
[edit]Declension of hadron
Slovene
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]hadrọ̑n m inan
Inflection
[edit]Masculine inan., hard o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | hadrón | ||
gen. sing. | hadróna | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
hadrón | hadróna | hadróni |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
hadróna | hadrónov | hadrónov |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
hadrónu | hadrónoma | hadrónom |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
hadrón | hadróna | hadróne |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
hadrónu | hadrónih | hadrónih |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
hadrónom | hadrónoma | hadróni |
Turkish
[edit]Noun
[edit]hadron (definite accusative hadronu, plural hadronlar)
Declension
[edit]Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | hadron | |
Definite accusative | hadronu | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | hadron | hadronlar |
Definite accusative | hadronu | hadronları |
Dative | hadrona | hadronlara |
Locative | hadronda | hadronlarda |
Ablative | hadrondan | hadronlardan |
Genitive | hadronun | hadronların |
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