Heineken

Heineken Lager Beer (Dutch: Heineken Pilsener), ma ọ bụ naanị Heineken (   ), bụ biya Dutch pale lager nwere mmanya 5% site na olu nke ụlọ ọrụ Dutch na-emepụta Heineken N.V. Heineken biya na-ere na karama akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nwere kpakpando uhie., (Àtụ:IPA-nlÀtụ:IPA-nlÀtụ:IPA-nl

Na 15 Febrụwarị 1864, [a chọrọ nkọwa] Gerard Adriaan Heineken (1841–1893)[1] zụtara ụlọ mmanya De Hooiberg (The Haystack) n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Nieuwezijds Achterburgwal dị na Amsterdam,[2] akara klaasị na-ewu ewu hiwere na 1592. Na 1873  mgbe ọ were Dọkịta Elion (nwa akwụkwọ Louis Pasteur) wepụta Heineken yiast maka ịgba ụka Bavaria, HBM (Heineken's Bierbrouwerij Maatschappij) hiwere, wee mee biya biya nke mbụ Heineken.  Na 1875 Heineken meriri Medaille D'Or na International Maritime Exposition na Paris wee malite ibuga ya ebe ahụ mgbe niile, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ahịa Heineken ruru hectliter 64,000 (galọn US nde 1.7), na-eme ka ha bụrụ ndị na-ebubata biya na France.  [Ihe ndekọ achọrọ] ^{[1] [2]}

Heineken wepụtara biya mbụ ya na-abụghị mmanya na-aba n'anya na 2017, na-akpọ ya "Heineken 0.0".^[3] A tụlere ya nke ọma n'ihe gbasara uto, na "ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu uto" dị ka ụdị mmanya zuru ezu, ọ bụ ezie na Heineken anaghị ekwu na ọ nwere otu uto. A chọpụtakwara na calorie na shuga dị ala karịa soda.^[4]

Kemgbe afọ 1975, a na-eme ọtụtụ biya Heineken na ụlọ ọrụ ha na Zoeterwoude, Netherlands. N'afọ 2011, e mepụtara ijeri lita 2.74 nke biya Heineken n'ụwa niile, ebe ngụkọta nke biya nke ụlọ ọrụ niile Heineken Group nwere n'ozuzu ya n'ụdị niile bụ ijeri lita 16.46 n'ụwa nile.^[5] Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2022, a na-ere Heineken na mba 192. ^[6] A na-ejikọkwa ha na ọtụtụ ụdị biya na mba niile n'ụwa, gụnyere Mexico, China, Australia na mba dị iche iche n'Africa.

Heineken bụ onye isi na-akwado UEFA Champions League na UEFA Super Cup, UEFA Euro na Rugby World Cup; nnukwu nkwado nke Rugby Union malitere na Wales na asọmpi Welsh Premier Division.

N'afọ 1989, "10 Green Bottles Hanging On The Wall" bụ mgbasa ozi a ma ama.

N'ịlaghachi azụ na 1997's Tomorrow Never Dies, Heineken anọgidewo na-enwe mmekọrịta ogologo oge na franchise Bond, na-egosi ya na 8 n'ime ihe nkiri ha, gụnyere No Time To Die (2021). Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-abụkarị ndị na-akwado Heineken, a na-ahụ Bond n'onwe ya na-aṅụ biya Heineken na Skyfall (2012) na Spectre (2015). Dị ka itinye ego ogologo oge, a kọrọ na Heineken mefuru $ 45 nde maka itinye ya na Skyfall naanị, ihe dị ka $ 25 nde karịa ụgwọ ọnwa nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri Bond Daniel Craig.^[7] Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 2015, ọ bụ nnukwu ụlọ ahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ.^[8]

N'afọ 2016, Heineken ghọrọ onye isi biya nke FIA Formula One World Championship malite na Canadian Grand Prix . ^[9] N'oge agbụrụ, Heineken na-etinye mkpọsa mgbasa ozi ya "Mgbe ị na-aṅụ mmanya, ọ dịghị mgbe ị na-ebugharị" n'ọsọ ahụ niile dị ka mkpọsa iji kwụsị ịkwọ ụgbọala na-ahapụ mmanya.^[10]

N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2021, Heineken bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọtụtụ afọ na W Series dị ka onye mmekọ zuru ụwa ọnụ maka usoro ịgba ọsọ ụmụ nwanyị niile. ^[11]

Malite na 2020-24 okirikiri, Heineken ghọrọ ndị na-akwado UEFA Europa League na UEFA Europa Conference League site na ụdị Heineken 0.0. N'afọ 2023, Heineken mere emume ncheta afọ 150 ya.

At the end of March 2022, over a month after Russia started its war in Ukraine, Heineken announced that it was leaving Russia (including with its other brands there, like Affligem, Amstel etc.), saying that ownership of the Russian subsidiary was no longer “durable or viable.” But despite this promise Heineken hired more than 240 new staff and launched 61 new products on the Russian market last yearÀtụ:When, according to investigators from Follow the Money, based on an overview of 2022 by Heineken Russia. The Dutch brewer’s Russian subsidiary looked back on “a turbulent year, with many new growth opportunities.” One of these opportunities being the departure of Coca-Cola and Pepsi from Russia, which Heineken "cynically" used to "enter the non-alcoholic carbonated beverage market". Heineken announced even more investments for 2023, including more modern packaging and new flavors. However, in August 2023, the company announced it had received necessary approvals to sell its Russian operations to Arnest Group for €1, completing its withdrawal process. The company expects a total loss of $323 million as a result of the deal.^[12]

1. ↑ Frijhoff (2004). Dutch Culture in a European Perspective: 1900, the age of bourgeois culture (in en). Uitgeverij Van Gorcum, 503, 581. ISBN 978-90-232-3965-9. 
2. ↑ Ons Amsterdam | Heineken neemt hooiberg over (nl). onsamsterdam.nl. FIZZ Marketing & Communicatie. Retrieved on 27 February 2022.
3. ↑ Newhart (10 January 2019). Alcohol-free Heineken 0.0 lands in the US (en-GB). beveragedaily.com. Retrieved on 2020-06-02.
4. ↑ Heineken 0.0 Non-Alcoholic Beer Taste Test: Nice Or Not? (en). 8 Days. Retrieved on 2021-02-25.
5. ↑ Annual Report 2011. Heineken International. Archived from the original on 14 March 2014. Retrieved on 18 March 2012.
6. ↑ The Heineken story. Heineken. Retrieved on 30 September 2022.
7. ↑ Koehl (2021-09-18). 'Skyfall': Heineken Reportedly Paid an Estimated $45 Million for Product Placement Despite James Bond's Love of Martinis (en-US). Showbiz Cheat Sheet. Retrieved on 2023-02-02.
8. ↑ The HEINEKEN Company - Age Gate (en). www.theheinekencompany.com. Retrieved on 2018-09-19.
9. ↑ Heineken announces global partnership with Formula One Management. Formula1.com. Formula One World Championship Ltd (9 June 2016). Retrieved on 9 June 2016.
10. ↑ Roderick (2016-06-15). How Heineken is revising its sponsorship strategy with F1 deal (en). Marketing Week. Retrieved on 2022-05-14.
11. ↑ Heineken® multi-year W Series partnership to start in Spa. wseries.com (26 August 2021). Archived from the original on 7 August 2022. Retrieved on 1 September 2021.
12. ↑ Kennedy (2023-08-25). Heineken sells Russian business for $1 as it completes exit | CNN Business (en). CNN. Retrieved on 2023-08-25.