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Sensor

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A CCD (charge-coupled device) has a grid of sensors that react to light.
A television tube or other CRT (cathode ray tube) detects electrons on its screen.
This photometer measured brightness by comparing shadows

A sensor is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a 'signal' which can be read by an observer or by an instrument. For example, a mercury thermometer converts the measured temperature into the expansion and contraction of a liquid which can be read on a calibrated glass tube. Video cameras and a digital cameras have an image sensor.

There are many different types of sensors. Some are used in everyday objects, and some are separate.

Thermal sensors

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A sensor that detects temperature. Thermal sensors are in many laptops and computers in order to sound an alarm when a certain temperature has been exceeded.

Electromagnetic sensors

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An electronic device used to measure a physical quantity such as pressure or loudness and convert it into an electronic signal of some kind (e.g. a voltage).

An electromagnetic sensor is anything that can detect things like photons, electrons, magnetic fields etc. It can be as simple as a white wall, a sheet of white paper, etc., or as new as a charge-coupled device. When a laser is aimed at a detection screen, a bright spot can be seen on the screen, or when an electron hits the phosphors on another kind of screen, it makes that screen glow.

Mechanical sensors

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Motion sensors

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A motion sensor detects physical movement in a given area.

Car sensors

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  • reversing sensor
  • curb feeler