Ajuda:Itens
Wikidata é a base de conhecimentos livre que qualquer um pode editar. Assim como a Wikipédia, a Wikidata utiliza o software wiki MediaWiki, o que significa que o conteúdo nas páginas (tal como esta!) pode ser adicionado, modificado, ou eliminado em colaboração com outros. Ao contrário da Wikipédia, a Wikidata também utiliza o software Wikibase que permite a edição colaborativa dos dados estruturados.
Compreender os itens
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Linked_Data_-_San_Francisco.svg/330px-Linked_Data_-_San_Francisco.svg.png)
Na Wikidados, os itens são utilizados para representar todas as "coisas" do conhecimento humano, incluindo tópicos, conceitos, e objetos. Por exemplo, as "Olimpíadas de Verão de 1988", "amor", "Elvis Presley" e "gorila" são todos itens na Wikidados.
Para aqueles que estão familiarizados com a Wikipédia, pode ser inicialmente tentador pensar nos objetos como a versão Wikidata dos artigos da Wikipédia. Embora tanto os objetos como os artigos sejam páginas que armazenam informação sobre diferentes conceitos ou temas do conhecimento humano, é importante ter presente que o Wikidata não é só uma base de dados do conteúdo da Wikipédia. De facto, o Wikidata é mais semelhante à wiki Wikimedia Commons, o repositório de ficheiros multimédia, do que à Wikipédia — mas em vez de ficheiros multimédia, o Wikidata oferece armazenamento centralizado para acesso aos dados estruturados por todos os projetos Wikimedia, e por sites externos.
Existem algumas características importantes dos objetos que contribuem para o êxito do Wikidata:
Itens notáveis
Os objetos Wikidata são referidos como notáveis. Tipicamente, isto significa que têm pelo menos uma página correspondente num site Wikimedia, como as wikis Wikipédia, Wikivoyage, Wikisource, Wikiquote, ou Wikimedia Commons. Contudo, há algumas exceções a esta regra.
Itens únicos
Os objetos também são únicos. Cada objeto deve representar um conceito ou objeto do mundo real claramente identificável, ou uma instância de um conceito ou objeto do mundo real claramente identificável. Por exemplo, no Wikidata podemos ter objetos tanto para o conceito de planet (Q634) como para uma instância de um planeta, Earth (Q2).
Itens associados
Os objetos também se podem interligar. Cada objeto tem um identificador único, que começa com um Q, e a sua própria página no espaço nominal principal do Wikidata. Por exemplo, para os objetos indicados mais acima, as respetivas páginas de objeto são 1988 Summer Olympics (Q8470), love (Q316), Elvis Presley (Q303) e Gorilla (Q36611). É nestas páginas que se acrescentam, editam e mantêm todos os dados para cada objeto, geralmente na forma de declarações. As páginas também permitem que os objetos se liguem, de modo que todos os dados do Wikidata podem estar interligados.
Pages also allow items to be linked together so that all the data on Wikidata can be interconnected. A link to another page is usually added as a "property" by clicking on "edit" in the "statements" section. If no appropriate property is listed yet, it can be added by clicking on "+ add" on the bottom of the "statements" section. See: #Adding to an existing item page.
Typical properties to link one item to another:
- Comparing items ...
- said to be the same as (P460)
- different from (P1889) - (different from, but sometimes confused with ...)
- Item is part of ...
- part of (P361) - (section of .../ contained within .../ pieces of ...)
- instance of (P31) - (is an example of ...)
- subclass of (P279) - (is a subset of ...)
- facet of (P1269) - (aspect of .../ subitem of .../ a broader perspective on the same topic is offered by ...)
- has characteristic (P1552) - (has characteristic .../ defining feature .../ inherent property ...)
- Item contains ...
- has part(s) (P527) - (contains ...)
- has part(s) of the class (P2670) (has parts that are instances of .../ some parts form subclass of ...)
Outside of item pages links to items can usually be placed by adding the prefix "Q|" to the item number and enclosing it in curly brackets, e.g.: {{Q|8470}}
→ 1988 Summer Olympics (Q8470)
Criar um novo item
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/03-00-Wikidata-CreateNew.png/330px-03-00-Wikidata-CreateNew.png)
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Wikidata_Screenshot_-_Create_a_new_item.jpg/330px-Wikidata_Screenshot_-_Create_a_new_item.jpg)
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Wikidata_Screenshot_-_Editing_an_item.jpg/330px-Wikidata_Screenshot_-_Editing_an_item.jpg)
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WD-sitelinks2.0.jpg/200px-WD-sitelinks2.0.jpg)
Guias básicos passo-a-passo para editar itens da Wikidados: Wikidata:Tours
Antes de criar uma página para um objeto, é boa ideia que o Wikidata ainda não contém uma pagina para esse objeto. A melhor forma para verificar se o Wikidata já tem uma página sobre o objeto que pretende adicionar é usar a pesquisa objeto por título. Encontra um link para a pesquisa no menu de navegação na barra lateral à esquerda do ecrã. Por padrão, é o quinto link a partir do topo, e chama-se «$byTitle».
The item by title search page has two entry fields that are designed for searching for items that already have a page on a Wikimedia site and may be in the Wikidata system. The left field, which says "Site:" is where you put the language of the Wikimedia site page that corresponds to the item you want to add. Most Wikimedia sites have equivalent editions for different languages which are represented by a code. For example, the code for English language is en and the code for French language is fr. This code can be found in the URL; so en.wiktionary.org is the English Wiktionary and en.wikipedia.org is the English Wikipedia, while fr.wiktionary.org is the French Wiktionary and fr.wikipedia.org is the French Wikipedia. A screenshot that shows where to locate a language code for a Wikimedia site is available here.
For the second field, "Page:", you must put in the exact title of the page as it appears at the top of the page on its Wikimedia site. This is important for retrieving the right item because there may be multiple items with the same label in Wikidata. For example, if you wanted to know if there was already an item page for capital (the concept referring to non-financial assets) in Wikidata, you must search "capital (economics)"—the title of the page on Wikipedia—and not "capital" which would instead give you the item page for the Wikipedia disambiguation page on capital.
Quando o Wikidata já tiver uma página sobre esse item, a pesquisa o levará a essa página.
If an item is missing, you can create it yourself. You can do this either by clicking on the link provided at the bottom of the item by title search page when a search is unsuccessful or by clicking "Create a new Item" on the menu to the left. From either link, you will be taken to a page that asks you to give the new item a label and a description. If you used the item by title search, the interface will also include the two fields you filled in during the search. If you used the Create a new Item link, don't worry about not having those—you can fill them out at a later stage. When you're done, click "Create".
Adicionar a uma página de item existente
In addition to a label and description, the two other elements of an item page that should be filled out are the aliases and the sitelinks. These four elements of an item page are multilingual, meaning they are shown and entered in by contributors for a specific language. This also means that they (usually) will have different values for each language. It is also possible to add and see these elements in multiple languages (which you might want to do if you are fluent in more than one language); for information on setting up your language preferences on Wikidata, see Help:Multilingual.
A label is the most common name that an item would be known by. Labels are added to the text fields at the top of an item page to the "Label" column. Click "edit", type in the label, and click "publish". A description is a short phrase designed to disambiguate the page in question from other pages with the same or similar labels. Descriptions are added in the same way as labels, to the "Description" column. See Help:Label and Help:Description for more on using labels and descriptions.
You can add aliases by clicking the "edit" button at the top of an item page to the "Also known as" column. You will be able to insert the first alias into the field, at which point a second field will appear. Keep filling in aliases until you have no more alternate names to add, then click "publish". See Help:Aliases for more on using aliases.
To add a sitelink to Wikidata, go to the section(s) below the appropriate heading(s), for example "Wikipedia" or "Wikiquote" and click the "edit" next to the heading. At the bottom of the sitelink group you will then be given two blank fields: a left field which says "wiki" and (shown after correct filling a first field) a right field which says "page". The left field is where you put the language of the Wikimedia site page that the item corresponds to. The right field is where you put the title of the page as it appears on the Wikimedia site. Both of these fields contain drop-downs that will help you fill in the information once you begin typing. When you have filled out both fields, click "publish". See Help:Sitelinks for more information.
Please note: When clicking on any "edit" or "+ add" before the page has fully loaded you might be taken to a separate page with a special interface. This will also let you make the intended changes but it is more difficult to use. If the page does not appear as depicted on the images to the right after clicking "edit" or "+ add" you might want go back, wait for the browser to finish loading the page (usually there is an indication on top of the browser's tab) and then click "edit" or "+ add" again.
Examples of four fields filled out for the item Marie Curie (Q7186)
Language | Item | Label | Description | Aliases | Link to Wikipedia Page |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
inglês (en) | Q7186 | Marie Curie | Polish and French physicist and chemist (1867–1934) | Maria Salomea Skłodowska; Marie Skłodowska-Curie | Marie Curie |
francês (fr) | Q7186 | Marie Curie | physicienne et chimiste polonaise et française | Maria Salomea Skłodowska herb Dołęga; Maria Skłodowska-Curie; Marie Sklodowska-Curie; Maria Skłodowska | Marie Curie |
polaco (pl) | Q7186 | Maria Skłodowska-Curie | polsko-francuska uczona, noblistka z fizyki i chemii | Maria Curie-Skłodowska; Marie Curie; Maria Skłodowska | Maria Skłodowska-Curie |
Editing an item page
![](http://178.128.105.246/content-http-upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Wikidata_Euler_Diagram_01_EN.svg/220px-Wikidata_Euler_Diagram_01_EN.svg.png)
All four fields, the label, description, aliases, and sitelinks, are editable. To edit an existing element, click on the "edit" button and then enter the new or updated information. Then click "publish". If an alias or sitelink is incorrect, you can remove it. To do this, first click on the "edit" button and then either delete the alias you wish to remove, or click the bin icon for the sitelink you wish to remove. Then click "publish". The element will immediately disappear and be removed from the database.
Documentation for items
The template {{Item documentation}}
provides documentation for items. It can be added in the talk page of an item. See Talk:Q56061 for an example for administrative territorial entity (Q56061).
Eliminar uma página de item
Only admins can delete items. Deletions are done via Wikidata:Requests for deletions. Please give a short reason.
Consulte também
Para páginas relacionadas com 'Ajuda', consulte:
For related Help pages, see:
- Ajuda:Etiqueta, que explica o que são as etiquetas e quais as regras que estas seguem
- Ajuda:Descrição, que explica o que são as descrições e quais as regras que estas seguem
- Help:Aliases, which explains what aliases are and what rules they follow
- Help:Statements, which explains what statements are and what rules they follow
- Help:Sitelinks, which explains what sitelinks are and what rules they follow
- Help:Merge, which explains how to merge items (in case interwiki links to Wikipedia articles in different languages but on the same subject exist on more than one Wikidata page)
Para informação adicional e orientação, consulte:
- Project chat, for discussing all and any aspects of Wikidata
- Wikidata:Glossary, the glossary of terms used in this and other Help pages
- Help:FAQ, frequently asked questions asked and answered by the Wikidata community
- Help:Contents, the Help portal featuring all the documentation available for Wikidata