We numerically studied magnetic reconnection in a high β hydrogen–helium plasma at different altitudes from the photosphere to the upper chromosphere. The time-dependent ionization degrees were included to get more realistic diffusivities and viscosity, and appropriate radiative cooling models were applied. Our numerical results indicate that the plasmoid instability always plays a vital role in speeding up magnetic reconnection at different atmospheric layers. In addition, both the strong radiative cooling and the magnetic diffusion caused by the electron–neutral collision (ηen) can significantly accelerate magnetic reconnection below the middle chromosphere. On the other hand, both the ambipolar diffusion and the viscosity result in higher temperature and plasma pressure in the reconnection region in the upper chromosphere, which then hinders the fast reconnection process from developing. The local compression heating triggered by turbulent reconnection mediated with plasmoids is the dominant heating mechanism in the unstable reconnection stage at different atmospheric layers, but the viscous heating and the ambipolar diffusion heating are equally important in the upper chromosphere. The Joule heating contributed by ηen dominates during the early quasi-steady reconnection stage below the middle chromosphere, the strong radiative cooling also leads to much stronger compression heating and more generation of thermal energy in this region. Though the plasma β is the same in all the simulation cases at different altitudes, the temperature increase is more significant in the upper chromosphere with much lower density and weaker radiative cooling.
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July 2023
Research Article|
July 07 2023
High β magnetic reconnection at different altitudes in the cool low solar atmosphere
Abdullah Zafar
;
Abdullah Zafar
(Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Kunming, Yunnan 6502016, People's Republic of China
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Lei Ni
;
Lei Ni
a)
(Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing)
1
Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Kunming, Yunnan 6502016, People's Republic of China
2
Center for Astronomical Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100012, People's Republic of China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: leini@ynao.ac.cn
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Jun Lin
;
Jun Lin
(Supervision, Writing – review & editing)
1
Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Kunming, Yunnan 6502016, People's Republic of China
2
Center for Astronomical Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100012, People's Republic of China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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Udo Ziegler
Udo Ziegler
(Software)
4
Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam
, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany
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a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: leini@ynao.ac.cn
Phys. Plasmas 30, 072902 (2023)
Article history
Received:
March 05 2023
Accepted:
June 19 2023
Citation
Abdullah Zafar, Lei Ni, Jun Lin, Udo Ziegler; High β magnetic reconnection at different altitudes in the cool low solar atmosphere. Phys. Plasmas 1 July 2023; 30 (7): 072902. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0149339
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