changer
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Middle English chaungere, chaungeour (“moneychanger”); equivalent to change + -er.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒɚ/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Noun
[edit]changer (plural changers)
- Someone or something who changes things.
- Someone or something that changes or transforms itself.
- A moneychanger; a person employed in changing or discounting money.
Usage notes
[edit]- Usually used together with another noun, eg, automatic tool changer, shape changer, mind changer.
Derived terms
[edit]French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old French changier. Cognate with Norman changi, Walloon candjî.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]changer
- (transitive) to exchange (something)
- (transitive) to change (money, a job, one's circumstances etc.)
- (transitive) to change, alter (something en into)
- (transitive) to change (a diaper)
- (intransitive) to change
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to change (one's clothes), get changed
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written change- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
infinitive | simple | changer | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | changeant /ʃɑ̃.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | changé /ʃɑ̃.ʒe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | change /ʃɑ̃ʒ/ |
changes /ʃɑ̃ʒ/ |
change /ʃɑ̃ʒ/ |
changeons /ʃɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/ |
changez /ʃɑ̃.ʒe/ |
changent /ʃɑ̃ʒ/ |
imperfect | changeais /ʃɑ̃.ʒɛ/ |
changeais /ʃɑ̃.ʒɛ/ |
changeait /ʃɑ̃.ʒɛ/ |
changions /ʃɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ |
changiez /ʃɑ̃.ʒje/ |
changeaient /ʃɑ̃.ʒɛ/ | |
past historic2 | changeai /ʃɑ̃.ʒe/ |
changeas /ʃɑ̃.ʒa/ |
changea /ʃɑ̃.ʒa/ |
changeâmes /ʃɑ̃.ʒam/ |
changeâtes /ʃɑ̃.ʒat/ |
changèrent /ʃɑ̃.ʒɛʁ/ | |
future | changerai /ʃɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/ |
changeras /ʃɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/ |
changera /ʃɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/ |
changerons /ʃɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
changerez /ʃɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/ |
changeront /ʃɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | changerais /ʃɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ |
changerais /ʃɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ |
changerait /ʃɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ |
changerions /ʃɑ̃.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
changeriez /ʃɑ̃.ʒə.ʁje/ |
changeraient /ʃɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | change /ʃɑ̃ʒ/ |
changes /ʃɑ̃ʒ/ |
change /ʃɑ̃ʒ/ |
changions /ʃɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/ |
changiez /ʃɑ̃.ʒje/ |
changent /ʃɑ̃ʒ/ |
imperfect2 | changeasse /ʃɑ̃.ʒas/ |
changeasses /ʃɑ̃.ʒas/ |
changeât /ʃɑ̃.ʒa/ |
changeassions /ʃɑ̃.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
changeassiez /ʃɑ̃.ʒa.sje/ |
changeassent /ʃɑ̃.ʒas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | change /ʃɑ̃ʒ/ |
— | changeons /ʃɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/ |
changez /ʃɑ̃.ʒe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
[edit]- change
- changeable
- changement
- changer de bord
- changer de cheval au milieu du gué
- changer de crèmerie
- changer de crémerie
- changer de disque
- changer de mains
- changer de refrain
- changer de registre
- changer d’air
- changer d’avis
- changer d’avis comme de chemise
- changer la donne
- changer son fusil d’épaule
- changeur
- inchangé
- plus ça change, plus c’est la même chose
- se changer les idées
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “changer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
[edit]Verb
[edit]changer
- Alternative form of changier
Conjugation
[edit]This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. In addition, g becomes j before an a or an o to keep the /dʒ/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | changer | avoir changé | |||||
gerund | en chanjant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | chanjant | ||||||
past participle | changé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | change | changes | change | chanjons | changez | changent |
imperfect | chanjoie, changeie, chanjoe, changeve | chanjoies, changeies, chanjoes, changeves | chanjoit, changeit, chanjot, changeve | changiiens, changiens | changiiez, changiez | chanjoient, changeient, chanjoent, changevent | |
preterite | chanjai | chanjas | chanja | chanjames | chanjastes | changerent | |
future | changerai | changeras | changera | changerons | changeroiz, changereiz, changerez | changeront | |
conditional | changeroie, changereie | changeroies, changereies | changeroit, changereit | changeriiens, changeriens | changeriiez, changeriez | changeroient, changereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | change | changes | change | chanjons | changez | changent |
imperfect | chanjasse | chanjasses | chanjast | changissons, changissiens | changissoiz, changissez, changissiez | chanjassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | change | — | chanjons | changez | — |
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- French terms derived from Late Latin
- French terms inherited from Late Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French terms inherited from Latin
- French terms derived from Gaulish
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French transitive verbs
- French intransitive verbs
- French verbs with conjugation -ger
- French first group verbs
- Old French lemmas
- Old French verbs
- Old French verbs with weak-a preterite
- Old French first group verbs
- Old French verbs ending in -er