wiatr
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Old Polish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *větrъ. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]wiatr m animacy unattested (related adjective wiatrowy or wietrzny)
- (attested in Lesser Poland, Southern Borderlands) wind (real or perceived movement of atmospheric air usually caused by convection or differences in air pressure)
- Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie[1], Krakow, page 183b:
- Iscy thamo... na the tho puscy any descz, any vatr, any... sle pouetrze thamocz ono nygdy ne postogy
- [Iżci tamo... na te to puszczy ani deszcz, ani wiatr, ani... złe powietrze tamoć ono nigdy nie postoji]
- (philosophy, alchemy, attested in Greater Poland) wind; air (one of the four elements of the ancient Greeks and Romans)
- 1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski[3], Greater Poland, page 73 arg:
- Ten ps[alm] powyada, yze Xpus stworzyl zywyoly, to yest zyemye, wyatr, ogye[ń], wodę
- [Ten psalm powiada, iże Krystus stworzył żywioły, to jest ziemię, wiatr, ogie[ń], wodę]
- (attested in Greater Poland) breath (air drawn in and out by the lungs)
- wind (direction from which the wind may blow; a point of the compass; especially, one of the cardinal points)
- 1930 [c. 1455], “I Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)[7], 9, 24:
- Po cztirzech wyetrzech (per quattuor ventos) bily wrotny, to gest na wschod sluncza a na zapad, a na polnoci, a na poludnye
- [Po cztyrzech wietrzech (per quattuor ventos) byli wrotni, to jest na wschod słuńca a na zapad, a na połnocy, a na południe]
Derived terms
[edit]nouns
verbs
- wywietrzeć pf
Related terms
[edit]adjectives
Descendants
[edit]- Masurian: zietrż, ziatr, ziater
- Polish: wiatr
- Silesian: wiater, wjater (Steuers Silesian alphabet); wiatrz
References
[edit]- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “wiatr”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Mańczak, Witold (2017) “wiatr”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “wiatr”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish wiatr.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /vjatr/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈvjatr/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -atr
- Syllabification: wiatr
Noun
[edit]wiatr m inan (diminutive wietrzyk or wiaterek, augmentative wietrzysko, related adjective wietrzny)
- wind (real or perceived movement of atmospheric air usually caused by convection or differences in air pressure)
- Hyponym: bryza
- Tutaj zawsze wieje wiatr. ― The wind always blows here.
- wind (tendency or trend)
- (philosophy, alchemy) wind; air (one of the four elements of the ancient Greeks and Romans)
- (hunting) animal's sense of smell
- (hunting) scent (smell specific to an animal or person as sensed by an animal)
- (in the plural) wind; gas, fart (gas released from one's stomach through the anus)
- (obsolete) a type of dance
- (obsolete) a type of candy or sweet
Declension
[edit]Declension of wiatr
Derived terms
[edit]adverbs
nouns
phrases
proverbs
verbs
Related terms
[edit]adjectives
adverbs
nouns
verbs
Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), wiatr is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 11 times in news, 2 times in essays, 32 times in fiction, and 8 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 77 times, making it the 843rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- wiatr in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- wiatry in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- wiatr in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “wiatr”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Paweł Kupiszewski (03.02.2022) “WIATR”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “wiatr”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “wiatr”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “wiatr”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 537
- wiatr in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Categories:
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish nouns
- Old Polish masculine nouns
- Lesser Poland Old Polish
- Southern Borderlands Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- zlw-opl:Philosophy
- zlw-opl:Alchemy
- Greater Poland Old Polish
- zlw-opl:Wind
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/atr
- Rhymes:Polish/atr/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- Polish terms with usage examples
- pl:Philosophy
- pl:Alchemy
- pl:Hunting
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- pl:Wind