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Vengriya davlat madhiyasi

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 Vengriya davlat madhiyasi
Soʻz muallif(lar)i Kölcsey Ferenc, 1845
Bastakor Erkel Ferenc
Qabul qilindi

1845 (de-fakto) 1949 yil (Vengriya Xalq Respublikasi tomonidan)

1989 yil (de-yure)
Audio
Vengriya davlat madhiyasi

"Milliy madhiya" (vengriya talaffuzi: [ˈhɪmnʊs]; lit. „Himn“ yoki „Gimna“) — Vengriya milliy madhiyasi.[1] Qoʻshiq matni 1823-yilda taniqli shoir Ferens Kölcsey tomonidan yozilgan va hozirda uning rasmiy musiqasi 1844-yilda romantik bastakor Ferenc Erkel tomonidan yaratilgan, ammo boshqa unchalik mashhur boʻlmagan musiqiy versiyalar mavjud. Sheʼrda „A magyar nép zivataros századaiból“ („Venger xalqining boʻronli asrlaridan“) sarlavhasi bor edi. Koʻpincha bu subtitr — zamonaviy milliy muammolardan koʻra oʻtmishni taʼkidlab, sheʼrga Gabsburg senzurasidan oʻtishga imkon berish uchun aniq qoʻshilgan deb taʼkidlanadi. Sheʼr matnining toʻliq maʼnosi faqat Vengriya tarixini yaxshi biladiganlarga ayon. Birinchi bayt rasmiy marosimlarda va umumiy tarzda kuylanadi. U 1844-yilda tuzilganidan beri Vengriya Qirolligining madhiyasi sifatida amalda ishlatilgan va 1989-yilda uchinchi Vengriya Respublikasining davlat madhiyasi sifatida rasman qabul qilingan.

„Himnusz“ qoʻshigʻi soʻzlari Isten, áldd meg a magyart (tinglang (yordam · maʼlumot)) soʻzlari bilan boshlanadigan ibodatdir (inglizcha: „Xudo, vengerlarga baraka ber“) maʼnosini beradi.

Asl qoʻlyozmadagi sarlavha „Himnus“ — lotincha soʻz boʻlib, „madhiya qoʻshigʻi“ degan maʼnoni anglatadi va ingliz tilidan boshqa tillarda masalan, fransuz yoki nemis tilida ham „madhiya“ maʼnosida keng qoʻllanadi. „Himnusz“ fonetik transkripsiyasi vaqt oʻtishi bilan asl lotin imlosini almashtirdi va sheʼr Vengriyaning de-fakto madhiyasi sifatida keng eʼtirof etilgani sababli, „himnusz“ soʻzi boshqa mamlakatlar uchun ham „milliy madhiya“ maʼnosini oldi.

Kölcsey sheʼrni 1823-yil 22-yanvarda tugatgan boʻlsa-da, u birinchi marta 1829-yilda Károly Kisfaludyning „Avrora“da qoʻlyozmaning bir qismi boʻlishiga qaramay, subtitrsiz nashr etilgan. Keyin u 1832 yilda Kölcsey asarlari toʻplamida, bu safar subtitr bilan chiqdi.[2] 1844-yilda sheʼrni xalq qo‘shig‘iga moslashtirish uchun bastakorlar tanlovi o‘tkazildi va unda Erkel g‘olib chiqdi. Uning versiyasi birinchi marta Milliy teatrda (u dirijyor boʻlgan) 1844-yil iyulda, soʻngra 1844-yil 10-avgustda „Szechenyi“ paroxodining birinchi sayohatida kengroq tomoshabinlar oldida namoyish etildi. 1850-yillarning oxiriga kelib, Himnuszni maxsus buyurtmada Vörösmartining Szózat qoʻshigʻi bilan birga yoki yakka holda kuylash odat tusiga kirdi.

Rasmiy foydalanish

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Jamoat radiosi Kossuth Rádio har kuni yarim tunda oʻn daqiqada Himnuszni AM diapazonidagi translyatsiyalar yopilganda, davlat telekanallari kunlik eshittirishlar oxirida ijro etadi. Himnush ham anʼanaviy tarzda Vengriya televideniesida Yangi yil arafasida yarim tunda ijro etiladi.

Venger tilida
(Ferenc Kölcsey, 1823)
IPA transkripsiyasi Inglizcha tarjima
(Laszlo Korossy, 2003)[3]
Ingliz tiliga sheʼriy tarjima
(William N. Loew, 1881)

I
Isten, áldd meg a magyart
Jó kedvvel, bőséggel,
Nyújts feléje védő kart,
Ha küzd ellenséggel;
Bal sors akit régen tép,
Hozz rá víg esztendőt,
Megbűnhődte már e nép
A múltat s jövendőt!

II
Őseinket felhozád
Kárpát szent bércére,
Általad nyert szép hazát
Bendegúznak vére.
S merre zúgnak habjai
Tiszának, Dunának,
Árpád hős magzatjai
Felvirágozának.

III
Értünk Kunság mezein
Ért kalászt lengettél,
Tokaj szőlővesszein
Nektárt csepegtettél.
Zászlónk gyakran plántálád
Vad török sáncára,
S nyögte Mátyás bús hadát
Bécsnek büszke vára.

IV
Hajh, de bűneink miatt
Gyúlt harag kebledben,
S elsújtád villámidat
Dörgő fellegedben,
Most rabló mongol nyilát
Zúgattad felettünk,
Majd töröktől rabigát
Vállainkra vettünk.

V
Hányszor zengett ajkain
Ozmán vad népének
Vert hadunk csonthalmain
Győzedelmi ének!
Hányszor támadt tenfiad
Szép hazám, kebledre,
S lettél magzatod miatt
Magzatod hamvvedre!

VI
Bújt az üldözött, s felé
Kard nyúlt barlangjában,
Szerte nézett s nem lelé
Honját a hazában,
Bércre hág és völgybe száll,
Bú s kétség mellette,
Vérözön lábainál,
S lángtenger fölette.

VII
Vár állott, most kőhalom,
Kedv s öröm röpkedtek,
Halálhörgés, siralom
Zajlik már helyettek.
S ah, szabadság nem virúl
A holtnak véréből,
Kínzó rabság könnye hull
Árvánk hő szeméből!

VIII
Szánd meg Isten a magyart
Kit vészek hányának,
Nyújts feléje védő kart
Tengerén kínjának.
Bal sors akit régen tép,
Hozz rá víg esztendőt,
Megbűnhődte már e nép
A múltat s jövendőt!

1
[ˈɪʃ.tɛ̞n äːld mɛ̞g ɒ ˈmɒ.ɟɒrt]
[joː ˈkɛ̞d.vɛ̞l ˈbøː.ʃeːg.gɛ̞l]
[ɲuːjt͡ʃ ˈfɛ̞.leː.jɛ̞ ˈveː.døː kɒrt]
[hɒ kʏzd ˈɛ̞l.lɛ̞n.ʃeːg.gɛ̞l]
[bɒl ʃorʃ ˈɒ.kɪt ˈreː.gɛ̞n teːp]
[hozː räː viːg ˈɛ̞s.tɛ̞n.døːt]
[ˈmɛ̞g.byːn.høːt.tɛ̞ mäːr ɛ̞ neːp]
[ɒ ˈmuːl.tɒt ˈʃ‿jø̞.vɛ̞n.døːt]

2
[ˈøː.ʃɛ̞.ɪŋ.kɛ̞t ˈfɛ̞l.ho.zäːd]
[ˈkäːr.päːt sɛ̞nd‿ˈbeːr.t͡seː.rɛ̞]
[ˈäːl.tɒ.lɒd ɲɛ̞rt seːp ˈhɒ.zäːt]
[ˈbɛ̞n.dɛ̞.guːz.nɒk ˈveː.rɛ̞]
[ˈʃ‿mɛ̞r.rɛ̞ ˈzuːg.nɒk ˈhɒb.jɒ.ɪ]
[ˈtɪ.säː.nɒg‿ˈdʊ.näː.nɒk]
[ˈäːr.päːt høːʃ ˈmɒg.zɒc.cɒ.ɪ]
[ˈfɛ̞l.vɪ.räː.go.zäː.nɒk]

3
[ˈeːr.tʏŋk ˈkʊn.ʃäːg ˈmɛ̞.zɛ̞.ɪn]
[eːrt ˈkɒ.läːst ˈlɛ̞ŋ.gɛ̞t.teːl]
[ˈto.kɒj ˈsøː.løː.vɛ̞s.sɛ̞.ɪn]
[ˈnɛ̞k.täːrt ˈt͡ʃɛ̞.pɛ̞k.tɛ̞t.teːl]
[ˈzäːs.loːɲɟ‿ˈɟɒ.krɒn ˈpläːn.täː.läːd]
[vɒt‿ˈtø̞.rø̞k ˈʃäːn.t͡säː.rɒ]
[ˈʃ‿ɲø̞k.tɛ̞ ˈmäː.cäːʒ‿buːʃ ˈhɒ.däːt]
[ˈbeːt͡ʃ.nɛ̞g‿ˈbʏs.kɛ̞ ˈväː.rɒ]

4
[hɒjh dɛ̞ ˈbʏ.nɛ̞.ɪŋk ˈmɪ.ɒtː]
[ɟuːlt ˈhɒ.rɒk‿ˈkɛ̞b.lɛ̞d.bɛ̞n]
[ˈʃ‿ɛ̞l.ʃuːj.täːd ˈvɪl.läː.mɪ.dɒt]
[ˈdø̞r.gøː ˈfɛ̞l.lɛ̞.gɛ̞d.bɛ̞n]
[moʃt ˈrɒ.bloː ˈmoŋ.gol ˈɲɪ.läːt]
[ˈzuː.gɒt.tɒt‿ˈfɛ̞.lɛ̞t.tʏŋk]
[mɒjt‿ˈtø̞.rø̞k.tøːl ˈrɒ.bɪ.gäːt]
[ˈväːl.lɒ.ɪŋ.krɒ ˈvɛ̞t.tʏŋk]

5
[ˈhäːɲ.sor ˈzɛ̞ŋ.gɛ̞tː ˈɒj.kɒ.ɪn]
[ˈoz.mäːn vɒd ˈneː.peː.nɛ̞k]
[vɛ̞rt ˈhɒ.dʊŋk ˈt͡ʃont.hɒl.mɒ.ɪn]
[ˈɟøː.zɛ̞.dɛ̞l.mɪ ˈeː.nɛ̞k]
[ˈhäːɲ.sor ˈtäː.mɒtː ˈtɛ̞n.fɪ.ɒd]
[seːp ˈhɒ.zäːm ˈkɛ̞b.lɛ̞d.rɛ̞]
[ˈʃ‿lɛ̞t.teːl ˈmɒg.zɒ.tod ˈmɪ.ɒtː]
[ˈmɒg.zɒ.tot‿ˈhɒmv.vɛ̞d.rɛ̞]

6
[buːjt ɒz ˈʏl.dø̞.zø̞tː ˈʃ‿fɛ̞.leː]
[kɒrd ɲuːld ˈbɒr.lɒŋg.jäː.bɒn]
[ˈsɛ̞r.tɛ̞ ˈneː.zɛ̞tː ʃ‿nɛ̞m ˈlɛ̞.leː]
[ˈhon.jäːt ɒ ˈhɒ.zäː.bɒn]
[ˈbeːrt͡s.rɛ̞ häːg eːʃ ˈvø̞ʎɟ.bɛ̞ säːlː]
[buː ˈʃ‿keːt.ʃeːg ˈmɛ̞l.lɛ̞t.tɛ̞]
[ˈveː.rø̞.zø̞n ˈläː.bɒ.ɪ.näːl]
[ˈʃ‿läːŋk.tɛ̞ŋ.gɛ̞r ˈfø̞.lɛ̞t.tɛ̞]

7
[väːr ˈäːl.lotː moʃt ˈkøː.hɒ.lom]
[kɛ̞df‿ˈʃ‿ø̞.rø̞m ˈrø̞p.kɛ̞t.tɛ̞k]
[ˈhɒ.läːl.hø̞r.geːʃ ˈʃɪ.rɒ.lom]
[ˈzɒj.lɪk mäːr ˈhɛ̞.jɛ̞t.tɛ̞k]
[ʃ‿ɒh ˈsɒ.bɒt.ʃäːg nɛ̞m ˈvɪ.ruːl]
[ɒ ˈholt.nɒk ˈveː.reː.bøːl]
[ˈkiːn.zoː ˈrɒp.ʃäːk‿ˈkø̞n.ɲɛ̞ hʊlː]
[ˈäːr.väːŋk høː ˈsɛ̞.meː.bøːl]

8
[säːnd mɛ̞g ˈɪʃ.tɛ̞n ɒ ˈmɒ.ɟɒrt]
[kɪt ˈveː.sɛ̞k ˈhäː.ɲäː.nɒk]
[ɲuːjt͡ʃ ˈfɛ̞.leː.jɛ̞ ˈveː.døː kɒrt]
[ˈtɛ̞ŋ.gɛ̞.reːn ˈkiːɲ.jäː.nɒk]
[bɒl ʃorʃ ˈɒ.kɪt ˈreː.gɛ̞n teːp]
[hozː räː viːg ˈɛ̞s.tɛ̞n.døːt]
[ˈmɛ̞g.byːn.høːt.tɛ̞ mäːr ɛ̞ neːp]
[ɒ ˈmuːl.tɒt ˈʃ‿jø.vɛ̞n.døːt]

I
O God, bless the nation of Hungary
With your grace and bounty
Extend over it your guarding arm
During strife with its enemies
Long torn by ill fate
Bring upon it a time of relief
This nation has suffered for all sins
Of the past and of the future!

II
You brought our ancestors up
Over the Carpathians' holy peaks
By You was won a beautiful homeland
For Bendeguz’s sons
And wherever flow the rivers of
The Tisza and the Danube
Árpád our heroʻs descendants
Will root and bloom.

III
For us on the plains of the Kuns
You ripened the wheat
In the grape fields of Tokaj
You dripped sweet nectar
Our flag you often planted
On the wild Turk’s earthworks
And under Mátyás' grave army whimpered
Vienna's „proud fort.“

IV
Ah, but for our sins
Anger gathered in Your bosom
And You struck with Your lightning
From Your thundering clouds
Now the plundering Mongols' arrows
You swarmed over us
Then the Turks' slave yoke
We took upon our shoulders.

V
How often came from the mouths
Of Osmanʼs barbarian nation
Over the corpses of our defeated army
A victory song!
How often did your own son aggress
My homeland, upon your breast,
And you became because of your own sons
Your own sons' funeral urn!

VI
The fugitive hid, and towards him
The sword reached into his cave
Looking everywhere he could not find
His home in his homeland
Climbs the mountain, descends the valley
Sadness and despair his companions
Sea of blood beneath his feet
Ocean of flame above.

VII
Castle stood, now a heap of stones
Happiness and joy fluttered,
Groans of death, weeping
Now sound in their place.
And Ah! Freedom does not bloom
From the blood of the dead,
Torturous slavery’s tears fall
From the burning eyes of the orphans!

VIII
Pity, O Lord, the Hungarians
Who are tossed by waves of danger
Extend over it your guarding arm
On the sea of its misery
Long torn by ill fate
Bring upon it a time of relief
They who have suffered for all sins
Of the past and of the future!

I
O, my God, the Magyar bless
With Thy plenty and good cheer!
With Thine aid his just cause press,
Where his foes to fight appear.
Fate, who for so long did’st frown,
Bring him happy times and ways;
Atoning sorrow hath weighed down
Sins of past and future days.

II
By Thy help our fathers gained
Kárpátʼs proud and sacred height;
Here by Thee a home obtained
Heirs of Bendegúz, the knight.
Whereʼer Danubeʼs waters flow
And the streams of Tisza swell
Árpád’s children, Thou dost know,
Flourished and did prosper well.

III
For us let the golden grain
Grow upon the fields of Kún,
And let nectar’s silver rain
Ripen grapes of Tokay soon.
Thou our flags hast planted oʻer
Forts where once wild Turks held sway;
Proud Vienna suffered sore
From King Mátyás' dark array.

IV
But, alas! for our misdeed,
Anger rose within Thy breast,
And Thy lightnings Thou did’st speed
From Thy thundering sky with zest.
Now the Mongol arrow flew
Over our devoted heads;
Or the Turkish yoke we knew,
Which a free-born nation dreads.

V
O, how often has the voice
Sounded of wild Osmanʼs hordes,
When in songs they did rejoice
Oʻer our heroes' captured swords!
Yea, how often rose Thy sons,
My fair land, upon Thy sod,
And Thou gavest to these sons,
Tombs within the breast they trod!

VI
Though in caves pursued he lie,
Even then he fears attacks.
Coming forth the land to spy,
Even a home he finds he lacks.
Mountain, vale — go where he would,
Grief and sorrow all the same -
Underneath a sea of blood,
While above a sea of flame.

VII
'Neath the fort, a ruin now,
Joy and pleasure erst were found,
Only groans and sighs, I trow,
In its limits now abound.
But no freedom’s flowers return
From the spilt blood of the dead,
And the tears of slavery burn,
Which the eyes of orphans shed.

VIII
Pity, God, the Magyar, then,
Long by waves of danger tossed;
Help him by Thy strong hand when
He on grief’s sea may be lost.
Fate, who for so long did’st frown,
Bring him happy times and ways;
Atoning sorrow hath weighed down
All the sins of all his days.

  1. „The Story Behind the Hungarian National Anthem“. Jules S. Vállay. 2017-yil 10-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2017-yil 8-may.
  2. „A Himnusz története“ [History of Himnusz] (hu). Qaraldi: 2016-yil 17-may.
  3. „Isten Áldd Meg a Magyart!“. laszlokorossy.net. 2021-yil 25-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 27-yanvar.