شن
Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Root |
---|
ش ن ن (š n n) |
2 terms |
Middle Iranian borrowings related to Persian شنا (šanā, “swimming”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]شَنَّ • (šanna) I, non-past يَشُنُّ (yašunnu)
- to launch (war; campaign)
- (obsolete) to pour, to let flow, to toss [with عَلَى (ʕalā) ‘over’]
- a. 800, أبو زيد سعيد بن أوس الأنصاري [ʔabū zayd saʕīd ibn ʔaws al-ʔanṣārīy], كتاب النوادر [Buch der Seltenheiten]:Fleischer, Heinrich Leberecht (1888) Kleinere Schriften[1] (in German), volume 3, Leipzig: S. Hirzel, page 484:
- يَا كَرَوَانًا ضُكَّ فَأَكْبَأَنَّا
فَشَنَّ بِٱلسَلْخِ فَلَمَّا شَنَّا … بَلَّ ٱلذُنَابَى عَبَسًا مُبِنَّا- yā karawānan ḍukka faʔakbaʔannā
fašanna bi-s-salḵi falammā šannā … balla ḏ-ḏunābā ʕabasan mubinnā - You thick-knee! Which when bumped will clew and toss dung and having hurled … moistens the tail with sticky soil!
- yā karawānan ḍukka faʔakbaʔannā
- (obsolete) to don, to put on (دِرْع (dirʕ))
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
شَنّ šann | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
šānn | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mašnūn | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šanantu |
šananta |
شَنَّ šanna |
šanantumā |
šannā |
šanannā |
šanantum |
šannū | |||
f | šananti |
šannat |
šannatā |
šanantunna |
šananna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔašunnu |
tašunnu |
yašunnu |
tašunnāni |
yašunnāni |
našunnu |
tašunnūna |
yašunnūna | |||
f | tašunnīna |
tašunnu |
tašunnāni |
tašnunna |
yašnunna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔašunna |
tašunna |
yašunna |
tašunnā |
yašunnā |
našunna |
tašunnū |
yašunnū | |||
f | tašunnī |
tašunna |
tašunnā |
tašnunna |
yašnunna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔašunna or ʔašunni or ʔašnun |
tašunna or tašunni or tašnun |
yašunna or yašunni or yašnun |
tašunnā |
yašunnā |
našunna or našunni or našnun |
tašunnū |
yašunnū | |||
f | tašunnī |
tašunna or tašunni or tašnun |
tašunnā |
tašnunna |
yašnunna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | šunna or šunni or ušnun |
šunnā |
šunnū |
||||||||
f | šunnī |
ušnunna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | šunintu |
šuninta |
شُنَّ šunna |
šunintumā |
šunnā |
šuninnā |
šunintum |
šunnū | |||
f | šuninti |
šunnat |
šunnatā |
šunintunna |
šuninna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔušannu |
tušannu |
yušannu |
tušannāni |
yušannāni |
nušannu |
tušannūna |
yušannūna | |||
f | tušannīna |
tušannu |
tušannāni |
tušnanna |
yušnanna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔušanna |
tušanna |
yušanna |
tušannā |
yušannā |
nušanna |
tušannū |
yušannū | |||
f | tušannī |
tušanna |
tušannā |
tušnanna |
yušnanna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔušanna or ʔušanni or ʔušnan |
tušanna or tušanni or tušnan |
yušanna or yušanni or yušnan |
tušannā |
yušannā |
nušanna or nušanni or nušnan |
tušannū |
yušannū | |||
f | tušannī |
tušanna or tušanni or tušnan |
tušannā |
tušnanna |
yušnanna |
Noun
[edit]شَنّ • (šann) m (collective, singulative شَنَّة f (šanna), plural شِنَان (šinān))
- waterskin
- 7th century CE, Sunan Ibn Mājah, 30:62:
- " إِنْ كَانَ عِنْدَكَ مَاءٌ بَاتَ فِي شَنٍّ فَٱسْقِنَا وَإِلَّا كَرَعْنَا " . قَالَ عِنْدِي مَاءٌ بَاتَ فِي شَنٍّ . فَٱنْطَلَقَ وَٱنْطَلَقْنَا مَعَهُ إِلَى ٱلْعَرِيشِ فَحَلَبَ لَهُ شَاةً عَلَى مَاءٍ بَاتَ فِي شَنٍّ فَشَرِبَ ثُمَّ فَعَلَ مِثْلَ ذَٰلِكَ بِصَاحِبِهِ ٱلَّذِي مَعَهُ .
- " ʔin kāna ʕindaka māʔun bāta fī šannin fasqinā waʔillā karaʕnā " . qāla ʕindī māʔun bāta fī šannin . fanṭalaqa wanṭalaqnā maʕahu ʔilā l-ʕarīši faḥalaba lahu šātan ʕalā māʔin bāta fī šannin fašariba ṯumma faʕala miṯla ḏālika biṣāḥibihi llaḏī maʕahu .
- ‘If you have any water that has been kept overnight in a water skin, then give us some to drink, otherwise we will drink by putting out mouths in the basin.’ He said: ‘I have water that has been kept in a water skin. So he went and we went with him, to the shelter, where he milked a sheep for him and (mixed it with) the water that had been kept overnight in a water skin. He drank from it, then he did likewise for his Companion who was with him.”
Declension
[edit]Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَنّ šann |
الشَّنّ aš-šann |
شَنّ šann |
Nominative | شَنٌّ šannun |
الشَّنُّ aš-šannu |
شَنُّ šannu |
Accusative | شَنًّا šannan |
الشَّنَّ aš-šanna |
شَنَّ šanna |
Genitive | شَنٍّ šannin |
الشَّنِّ aš-šanni |
شَنِّ šanni |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَنَّة šanna |
الشَّنَّة aš-šanna |
شَنَّة šannat |
Nominative | شَنَّةٌ šannatun |
الشَّنَّةُ aš-šannatu |
شَنَّةُ šannatu |
Accusative | شَنَّةً šannatan |
الشَّنَّةَ aš-šannata |
شَنَّةَ šannata |
Genitive | شَنَّةٍ šannatin |
الشَّنَّةِ aš-šannati |
شَنَّةِ šannati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَنَّتَيْن šannatayn |
الشَّنَّتَيْن aš-šannatayn |
شَنَّتَيْ šannatay |
Nominative | شَنَّتَانِ šannatāni |
الشَّنَّتَانِ aš-šannatāni |
شَنَّتَا šannatā |
Accusative | شَنَّتَيْنِ šannatayni |
الشَّنَّتَيْنِ aš-šannatayni |
شَنَّتَيْ šannatay |
Genitive | شَنَّتَيْنِ šannatayni |
الشَّنَّتَيْنِ aš-šannatayni |
شَنَّتَيْ šannatay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَنَّات šannāt |
الشَّنَّات aš-šannāt |
شَنَّات šannāt |
Nominative | شَنَّاتٌ šannātun |
الشَّنَّاتُ aš-šannātu |
شَنَّاتُ šannātu |
Accusative | شَنَّاتٍ šannātin |
الشَّنَّاتِ aš-šannāti |
شَنَّاتِ šannāti |
Genitive | شَنَّاتٍ šannātin |
الشَّنَّاتِ aš-šannāti |
شَنَّاتِ šannāti |
Plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شِنَان šinān |
الشِّنَان aš-šinān |
شِنَان šinān |
Nominative | شِنَانٌ šinānun |
الشِّنَانُ aš-šinānu |
شِنَانُ šinānu |
Accusative | شِنَانًا šinānan |
الشِّنَانَ aš-šināna |
شِنَانَ šināna |
Genitive | شِنَانٍ šinānin |
الشِّنَانِ aš-šināni |
شِنَانِ šināni |
Derived terms
[edit]- شَنِين (šanīn, “trickling; milk to which water is added”)
- شَنُون (šanūn, “pudgy: somewhat fat, somewhat meagre”)
- شُنَانَة (šunāna, “dribbling water”)
- أَشَنَّ (ʔašanna, “to launch, to send; to be used up”)
- تَشَنَّنَ (tašannana, “to be old, to be used up”)
- تَشَانَّنَ (tašānnana, “to be mixed; to be corrugated”)
- اِسْتَشَنَّ (istašanna, “to become meagre; to be old, to be used; to want to drink milk”)
- شَنَان (šanān, “raft”)
- شُنَان (šunān, “diffused, spread”)
Further reading
[edit]- Баранов, Х. К. (2011) “شن”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN
- Buyaner, David (2006) “On the Designation of ‘water–skin’ in some Languages of Central Asia”, in Acta Orientalia, volume 67, pages 115–125
- Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 735, where etymology from causative *ša- + root ء ن ن (ʔ-n-n) with the invented gloss “verser” and difficult-to-fathom comparison with أَنَّ (ʔanna, “to sough”)
- Freytag, Georg (1833) “شن”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 454a
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “شن”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[3] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1274
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “شن”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[4], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1602
Ottoman Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Armenian շեն (šen).
Adjective
[edit]شن • (şen)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: şen
- → Albanian: shend
- → Bulgarian: шенли́в (šenlív)
- → Macedonian: шен (šen), шенлив (šenliv)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
References
[edit]- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “շէն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 515a
- Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, § 556, page 115
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شن”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[5], Constantinople: Mihran, page 734b
- Mallouf, Nassif (1856) Dictionnaire français-turc, 2nd edition, Paris: Maisonneuve, page 587
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “şen”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Persian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʃin]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʃen]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʃin]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | šin |
Dari reading? | šin |
Iranian reading? | šen |
Tajik reading? | šin |
Noun
[edit]شِن • (šen)
Derived terms
[edit]- شنی (šeni, “sandy, of sand”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Perhaps related to Proto-Indo-European *tḱey-m̥no-, from the root *tḱey- (“to cultivate, settle, live”). Compare with Avestan 𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬥𐬀 (šaiiana, “place of residence”), Old Armenian շէն (šēn), and Classical Syriac ܫܝܢܐ (šaynā). Sogdian [script needed] (šyn /šēn/), which is often glossed as “resting place” and adduced as a cognate, in reality means “bed” and is borrowed from Sanskrit शयन (śayana, “bed”), which is from the unrelated root *ḱey- (“to be lying down”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʃan]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʃæn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʃän]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | šan |
Dari reading? | šan |
Iranian reading? | šan |
Tajik reading? | šan |
Suffix
[edit]شَن • (šan)
Derived terms
[edit]- گلشن (golšan, “flowerbed rose-garden; place of flowers”)
- تبشن (tabšan, “hotspring, place of heat”)
- آویشن (āvīšan, “thyme, [flower that grows near]water-places”)
Torwali
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]شن (šen)
- a bed
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ش ن ن
- Arabic terms borrowed from Middle Iranian languages
- Arabic terms derived from Middle Iranian languages
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic geminate verbs by conjugation
- Arabic geminate form-I verbs
- Arabic geminate verbs
- Arabic terms with obsolete senses
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic collective nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote collective
- Arabic nouns with triptote singulative in -a
- Arabic nouns with sound feminine paucal
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- ar:Vessels
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Armenian
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Armenian
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish adjectives
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- fa:Natural materials
- Torwali terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Torwali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Torwali lemmas
- Torwali nouns