Priones

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Prions.

Taxonavigation

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Imperium: Biota
Superdomain: Acytota
Domain: Aminoacuea
Divisio: Priones

Overview of subtaxa

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Mammalian prions

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ICTVdb Code Disease name Natural host Prion name PrP isoform
Non-human Mammalia
90.001.0.01.001. Scrapie Caprinae spec. Scrapie prion OvPrPSc
90.001.0.01.002. Transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) Neovison TME prion MkPrPSc
90.001.0.01.003. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) Cervus spec. CWD prion MDePrPSc
90.001.0.01.004. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) Bovinae spec. BSE prion BovPrPSc
90.001.0.01.005. Feline spongiform encephalopathy (FSE) Felinae spec. FSE prion FePrPSc
90.001.0.01.006. Exotic ungulate encephalopathy (EUE) Tragelaphus spec. EUE prion NyaPrPSc
Human diseases
90.001.0.01.007. Kuru disease Hominina Kuru prion HuPrPSc
90.001.0.01.008. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) CJD prion
(New) Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD, nvCJD) vCJD prion[1]
90.001.0.01.009. Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS) GSS prion
90.001.0.01.010. Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) FFI prion

Fungal prions

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Protein Natural Host Normal Function Prion State Prion Phenotype Year Identified
Ure2p Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nitrogen catabolite repressor [URE3] Growth on poor nitrogen sources 1994
Sup35p Saccharomyces cerevisiae Translation termination factor [PSI+] Increased levels of nonsense suppression 1994
HET-S Podospora anserina Regulates heterokaryon incompatibility [Het-s] Heterokaryon formation between incompatible strains 1997
vacuolar protease B Saccharomyces cerevisiae death in stationary phase, failure in meiosis [β] failure to degrade cellular proteins under N starvation 2003
MAP kinases Podospora anserina increased pigment, slow growth [C] 2006
Rnq1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae Protein template factor [RNQ+],[PIN+] Promotes aggregation of other prions 2008
Mca1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Putative Yeast Caspase [MCA+] Unknown 2008
Swi1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Chromatin remodeling [SWI+] Poor growth on some carbon sources 2008
Cyc8 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Transcriptional repressor [OCT+] Transcriptional derepression of multiple genes 2009
Mot3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nuclear transcription factor [MOT3+] Transcriptional derepression of anaerobic genes 2009
Pma1+Std1 [2] Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pma1 = major plasma membrane proton pump, Std1=minor pump [GAR+] Resistant to glucose-associated repression 2009
Sfp1 [3] Saccharomyces cerevisiae Global transcriptional regulator [ISP+] Antisuppressor of certain sup35 mutations 2010
Mod5 [4] Saccharomyces cerevisiae [MOD+] 2012

References

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  1. Believed to be identical to the BSE prion.
  2. Brown JC, Lindquist S 2009. A heritable switch in carbon source utilization driven by an unusual yeast prion. Genes Dev, 23(19): 2320–32. doi:10.1101/gad.1839109. PMC 2758746. PMID 19797769. 
  3. Rogoza T, Goginashvili A, Rodionova S, Ivanov M, Viktorovskaya O, Rubel A, Volkov K, Mironova L 2010. Non-Mendelian determinant [ISP+] in yeast is a nuclear-residing prion form of the global transcriptional regulator Sfp1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 107(23): 10573–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.1005949107. PMC 2890785. PMID 20498075. 
  4. Suzuki G, Shimazu N, Tanaka M 2012. A Yeast Prion, Mod5, Promotes Acquired Drug Resistance and Cell Survival Under Environmental Stress. Science, 336(6079): 355–359. doi:10.1126/science.1219491. PMID 22517861. 
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Alternative classification

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Classification System: ICTV (2023 Release, MSL#39, release v3)

(Unranked): Virus
Group: Prions